安徽省黃山市2009屆高中畢業班第一次質量檢測
語文試題
本試卷分第1卷(選擇題30分)和第1I卷(非選擇題120分)兩部分，全卷滿分1 50分’考試時間150分鐘。
注意事項：
1答題前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上，認真核對條形碼上的姓名、準考證號，并將條形碼貼在答題卡的指定位置上；
2選擇題答案使用2B鉛筆填涂，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號；非選擇題答案使用0．5毫米的黑色中性筆或碳素筆書寫字體工整、筆跡清楚；
3請按照題號在備題的答題區域(黑色線框內作答，超出答題區域書寫的答案無效；保持卡面清潔、不折疊、不破損；做選擇題時，考生按題目要求作答，并用2B鉛筆在答題卡上把所選題目對應的題號涂
第Ⅰ卷(選擇題，共30分)
西南師大附中2008―2009學年度下期期中考試
高一英語試題
（總分：150分 考試時間：120分鐘）
第一卷（三部分 共115分）
第一部分：聽力（共兩節，滿分30分）
做題時，先將答案劃在試卷上。錄音內容結束后，你將有兩分鐘時間將試卷上的答案轉涂到答題卡上。
第一節（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）
聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。
1． 1.What’s the possible relationship between the two speakers?
A. Husband and wife. B. Mother and son. C. Father and daughter.
2． 2.When did the man last see Mary?
A. This Friday. B. Today. C. Last Friday.
3． 3.When does the post office close?
A. At 5:20. B. At 5:45. C. At 4:55.
4． 4.How many students passed the college-entrance examination last year?
A. About 800. B. About 240. C. About 560.
5． 5.Where are the two speakers?
A. On a bus. B. On a train. C. On Bus No.21.
第二節（共12小題；每小題1.5分，滿分18分）
請聽下面4段對話或獨白．每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你都有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間．每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。
請聽第6段材料，回答第6至8題。
6． 6.What is the man?
A. A doctor. B. A nurse. C. A worker.
7． 7.How many people work in the hospital?
A. 50. B. 60. C. 110.
8． 8.Which department does the man work in?
A. In the X-ray department. B. In the skin department. C. In the hospital office.
請聽第7段材料，回答第9至11題．
9． 9.What is the woman’s problem?
A. She can’t visit the Great Wall tomorrow.
B. She can’t decide which place to visit.
C. She can’t think of a topic for her composition.
10． 10.What does the man advise the woman to do?
A. Take pictures. B. Visit the Great Wall. C. Write about her trip.
11． 11.Why does the man have to leave?
A. He wants to go on a trip.
B. He has to write his own composition.
C. He is not feeling well.
請聽第8段材料，回答第12至14題．
12． 12.What happened to the man?
A. He was badly injured. B. He broke his leg. C. He had a small accident.
13． 13.What’s the season now?
A. Summer. B. Autumn. C. Winter.
14． 14.How is the man feeling now?
A. Bad. B. Fine. C. Worse.
請聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題．
15． 15.Why does John make the call?
A. He hasn’t received the computers.
B. He wants to send the computer to Mary.
C. He wants to buy a new computer.
16． 16.What’s the phone number mentioned in the passage?
A. 563816. B. 653816. C. 563861.
17． 17.Who will the woman call at the ABC Company?
A. John. B. Mr. Peterson. C. Mary.
第三節（共3小題；每小題1.5分，滿分4.5分）
請聽下面一段獨白．用所聽到的獨白中的詞或數填空，每空限填一個詞或一個數。填入的內容要寫在答題卡相應的位置。在聽本段獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。本段獨白讀兩遍。
Chinese diet
Chinese diet contains a lot of fruit and vegetable.
It is
Western diet
People in the west take in too much fat and sugar and don’t get enough
19 . They eat too many cakes, soft drinks, sweets and so on. That’s why so many westerners are fat and have bad 20 .
第二部分：英語知識運用（共兩節，滿分45分）
第一節：單項填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）
從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
21． 21.We have every reason to believe that __________ 2008 Beijing Olympic Games were __________ great success.
A. /; a B. the; / C. the; a D. a; a
22． 22.As soon as the __________ candle was brought in the little room was __________ up.
A. lighting; lighted B. lighted; lit
C. lit; lighted D. lit; lit
23． 23.―What do you think we can do for our aged parents?
―You __________ do anything except to be with them and be yourself.
A. don’t have to B. oughtn’t to C. mustn’t D. can’t
24． 24.__________ I get into trouble, I’ll turn to my English teacher and she will do everything she can __________ me out.
A. For each time; help B. In each time; that helps
C. Each time; to help D. Each time which; helping
25． 25.Why are you so upset? It isn’t your problem __________.
A. on purpose B. in all C. on time D. after all
26． 26.Can you tell me the way you’ve thought of __________ the problem?
A. solving B. to solve C. solve D. solved
27． 27.If the dictionary is not yours, __________ can it be?
A. what else B. who else C. which else D. who else’s
28． 28.It was so dark in the cinema that I could hardly __________ my friend.
A. turn out B. bring out C. call out D. pick out
29． 29.The number of people present at the meeting __________ than we had expected.
A. is much more B. are much more
C. is much larger D. are much larger
30． 30.The teacher made us understand the use we should __________ our limited time.
A. get of B. make of C. watch out D. look out
31． 31.It was really funny that I saw a __________ chicken running near the __________ factory.
A. three-leg; paper-made B. three-legged; paper-made
C. three-legs; paper-making D. three-legged; paper-making
32． 32__________ that he’ll come.
A. He’s possible B. That’s possible
C. There’s some possibility D. It’s possibly
33． 33.Although he didn’t know Beijing well, he made his way __________ to the Bird Nest.
A. easily enough B. easy enough
C. enough easy D. enough easily
34． 34.__________ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead.
A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed
35． 35.We had thought that his advice was unnecessary, but finally it __________ to be very useful.
A. proved B. proves C. was proved D. is proving
第二節 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從36－55各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
The passengers on the bus watched sympathetically as the attractive young woman with the white cane made her way carefully up the steps. She 36 the driver, using her hands to feel the 37 of the seats, walked down and found the 38 which the driver had told her was empty. Then she settled in.
It had been a year since Susan,
34,
45 , Susan decided that she was ready to try the 46 on her own. Monday morning, she said goodbye and for the first time, they went their 47 ways.
On Friday morning, Susan took the
bus to work as usual. As she was 48 the bus, the driver said, “Girl, I
The driver answered, “You know,
every morning for the
Tears of gratitude poured down Susan’s cheeks.
36． A. thanked B. asked C. discovered D. paid
37． A. location B. shape C. size D. cost
38． A. ticket B. bus C. seat D. bag
39． A. according to B. instead of C. thanks to D. due to
40． A. anger B. darkness C. happiness D. light
41． A. asked B. encouraged C. taught D. praised
42． A. feelings B. sights C. senses D. abilities
43． A. how B. when C. where D. who
44． A. make out B. watch out C. find out D. work out
45． A. Finally B. Luckily C. However D. Besides
46． A. visit B. trip C. bus D. work
47． A. opposite B. separate C. difficult D. usual
48． A. getting on B. getting in C. getting off D. getting up
49． A. must B. may C. will D. do
50． A. idea B. opinion C. way D. thought
51． A. want B. mean C. say D. suggest
52． A. next B. old C. past D. following
53． A. by B. on C. with D. in
54． A. searching B. watching C. calling D. noticing
55． A. looks out B. takes up C. believes in D. makes sure
第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
A
Many children act in TV shows. They work several hours every day, so they cannot go to a regular school. How do they get an education?
In
Children actors are required to attend
classes twenty hours each week.
TV children are usually good pupils, and
most of their teachers like this special kind of work. Their classes are held
in many interesting places. Sometimes the “classroom” is a
56． TV children have classes ________.
A. at a regular school B. wherever they are working
C. wherever the teacher likes D.
at the school in
57． What else does the teacher do besides teaching?
A. Making sure that the children don’t overwork.
B. Acting in some important shows.
C. Making sure that the children have enough rest and play.
D. Both A and C.
58． If they fail in the required subjects, TV children ________.
A. are allowed to study for another year
B. must go to a good school
C. must be taught from September to the middle of June
D. are not allowed to work in TV shows any longer
59． What is this talk mainly about?
A. The education of TV children.
B. Child actors in TV.
C. How good pupils become TV children.
D. A special kind of school in TV.
B
I had been working for a company in
I recently became friends with a young man who had just migrated(移民) to Australia. He was unskilled and was finding life difficult as he was unemployed.
The manager asked me to introduce someone to him who I thought could do the job just as well as I could to replace me, so I took this opportunity to arrange(安排) an interview for my new friend. However, in the end, he was not offered the job after the interview.
Afterwards, I asked the manager why my friend was turned down. The manager thought that his English was not good enough for the position, but I suggested that it would be in the interests of the company to give my friend a chance for I could train him. I believed that once given the time to learn, he could do the job. After a week’s instruction, he was employed and was happy with his position, which made it a win-win outcome for the company and for my friend.
I knew how the horrors of war had forced him to leave his homeland
and what price he had paid for doing so. I appreciate being able to live in
60． The reason why the manager was disappointed when the author left may be that ________.
A. they were close friends and he didn’t want him to leave
B. the author was an excellent worker for the company
C. his leaving might cause more workers to leave
D. the author had never asked for a pay rise
61． His new friend was refused at the interview because ________.
A. he was introduced by the writer who was about to leave the company
B. they were afraid he wouldn’t work there long
C. he was weak at English
D. he had just migrated from another country
62． How did the man get the job in the end?
A. He insisted that he could do the job well.
B. The author helped train him for the job.
C. The manager knew him better and had sympathy on him.
D. He showed his confidence and patience during the interview.
63． Which of the following statements might the author agree with?
A. People who live in other countries have difficulty getting good jobs.
B. If someone migrates to a foreign country, knowing English is important.
C. The appreciation from a person you’ve been kind to is the best gift you can get.
D. People should bear hardship and not give up when they can’t find a job.
C
Since I became a full-time freelancer(自由作家), I’ve found one of the hardest things to do is to get up early. Without the danger of being fired, there just hasn’t been a lot of motivation(動機) to get out of bed.
I’ve quickly learned that getting up is the key to success and, better yet: waking up early is really just a habit. You don’t need any skill to do it. You just need to wake up early repeatedly to condition your body to the habit.
The most important thing to keep in mind is that you must have strong reasons to get out of bed. Motivation is the only thing keeping us from lying in bed all day.
Writing down all the big, important things you’ll do the next day can give you an extra push in your goal to wake up early and quickly.
Don’t read in bed. Spending as little time as possible in bed will actually help your body realize that the bed is for sleeping, and not lying awake for hours. The goal is to fall asleep within 10 minutes after getting into bed.
Stress is one of the main causes of poor sleep. Relax yourself before getting into bed. Try controlled breathing exercises or yoga(瑜珈) to lower your stress level.
These are just a few ways you can use to improve your ability to wake up earlier. Finding the best way is most important, and needs a little work. The key thing to remember is that waking up should be a pleasant experience. If you can make waking up something you look forward to, you’re already halfway on your journey to becoming an early riser.
64． What do we know about the author?
A. He has a full-time job outside. B. He likes lying in bed all day.
C. He was once fired by a company. D. He has difficulty getting up early.
65． What does the underlined part “condition your body to the habit” mean?
A. Make your body get used to getting up early.
B. Make sure that your body is in good condition.
C. Deal with your body using special skills.
D. Keep your body comfortable in all beds.
66． The author gives us some tips to ________.
A. help us find the key to success
B. help us become an early riser
C. helps us fall asleep within 10 minutes
D. help us relax after a day’s hard work
67． Which of the following is NOT true about doing yoga according to the passage?
A. It is a good way to reduce stress.
B. It can help you sleep.
C. It can make you worried.
D. It can improve your ability to wake up earlier.
D
College is an investment(投資) for a lifetime ? the gift of a college education can open the door to a world of opportunity for your child or grandchild. Saving, even a little at a time, can make a big difference down the road.
With the cost of a college education continuing to increase, the key is to start saving early and regularly(規律地). By saving a set amount at set times, your money can grow as your child does. And before you know it, you’ll be just as ready for college as they are. According to the College Board, the average cost for four-year public colleges has increased nearly 51% over the last 10 years, and these costs will almost certainly continue to rise. Saving for college can help with the increasing cost of a college education and help you be well prepared when your children are ready for college.
Saving for your child’s college education is an investment in their future. The savings you make today pay off in increased earnings in the future. According to the US Census Bureau(人口調查局), college graduates earn an average of $ 1 million more than high school graduates during their careers. The value of your investment in a college education will continue to grow for a lifetime.
Set your college savings goals realistically(現實地). You may not be able to save enough for all four years of tuition, room and board, and other expenses ? but you could save enough to give your child the right start.
More and more families depend on student loans(貸款) to pay for college. By saving for college, families can depend on loans less and help their children leave college without debt.
68． From the second paragraph we can learn that __________.
A. the College Board increased the public college costs
B. public college costs will increase by 51% in the next ten years
C. it’s not too late to save when your child is ready for college
D. saving can help deal with the rising cost of education
69． Which of the following is TRUE about saving for college?
A. You should help children get scholarships more easily.
B. It’s better to increase the savings as the child grows.
C. It’s better to save early and regularly.
D. You should set further and bigger savings goals.
70． Who are the expected readers of the passage?
A. Parents. B. High school students.
C. Educators. D. Bankers.
71． Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. How to Save Children’s College Costs
B. How to Make a Good Investment
C. Why Save for Children’s College Costs
D. How Much a
E
It was two years ago in winter when I went with my family to Engadine, a suburb(城郊) in southern Switzerland. It is protected by high mountains on all sides and is famous for its sunny climate, beautiful scenery and outdoor activities. The journey by car was pleasant until it began to snow.
The weather quickly turned very bad and soon we found ourselves in a snowstorm. It was terrible; the snow turned to ice and the windows were covered with ice even though the heating was set the highest. Several times I had to get out of the car in order to clear ice from the windshield(擋風玻璃).
Thankfully, the way down to Sylvaplana was less stressful and we knew that we would arrive in paradise(天堂). It kept on snowing during the first day of our holiday. Not being used to this kind of weather, we found it simply magical to watch the snow falling down on the mountains.
The following day, the snow stopped. While skiing in this large and amazing area, which was made up of frozen lakes and rivers. It was a ski paradise. And we discovered a small house without hosts next to a set of cross-country ski tracks, close to farm. There was a fridge in this heated wooden house that contained milk and cheese for self-service. There was a list of prices for each item. You took what you wanted, wrote down the total of what you had taken on a piece of paper, put money into an open box and took the change you needed.
Where else could you find such trust? As I’ve already told you,
72． From the passage we can know that the author __________.
A. often goes skiing with his family
B. didn’t expect a snowstorm
C. was fond of skiing most
D. felt everything went smoothly
73． What can we infer from the third paragraph?
A. The author comes from a place where it doesn’t snow very much.
B. The author felt relaxed long before they were anywhere near Sylvaplana.
C. It often snows heavily in the mountainous area of paradise.
D. It stopped snowing as soon as the holiday began.
74． Which of the following statements is NOT true about the wooden house?
A. It is not far from a set of cross-country ski tracks.
B. You will be served by the host in person there.
C. It makes visitors feel comfortable and trusted.
D. You can get something to eat and drink there.
75． The author considers
①the snowfall there is magical
②you can find great trust there
③car windows are covered with ice there
④it is a good place for skiing
A. ①②③ B. ②③④ C. ①③④ D. ①②④
西南師大附中2008―2009學年度下期期中考試
高一英語試題
聽力：
18．________________ 19．________________ 20________________
第二卷（共35分）
第四部分：寫作（共兩節，滿分35分）
第一節：短文改錯（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）
對標有題號的每一行作出判斷，每行只有一個錯誤，按下列情況改正：
此行多一個詞：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉，在該行右邊橫線上寫出該詞，并也用斜線劃掉。
此行缺一個詞：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），在該行右邊橫線上寫出該加的詞。
此行錯一個詞：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，在該行右邊橫線上寫出改正后的詞。
Last summer I go to American and studied at a language 76．____________
school. I had many wonderful experience, but I also 77．____________
had a sad one. One day, the school held party, where 78．____________
I invited to talk about
things about
clearly. I felt sadly. I learnt a lesson from this experience. I 81．____________
have already studied English for eight years, I can’t use it 82．____________
very good. I must work hard to improve my spoken English 83．____________
so that I will not be able to communicate freely with foreigners. 84．____________
I hope I can be a bridge between China and others countries 85．____________
in the future.
第二節：書面表達（滿分25分）
假如你是李華，請你寫一封100詞左右的邀請信，邀請你的外國朋友John到你家過春節。要點如下：
1． 非常榮幸能邀請John到你家過春節；
2． 春節是中國最重要的傳統節日，一般在農歷一月進行。（農歷lunar）
3． 春節前人們要大掃除，給孩子們買新衣，是家人團聚、人們相互表達美好祝愿的日子；
4． 在中國過春節可以幫助John加深對中國傳統文化的了解；
5． 希望John能提前到你家里，以避開交通高峰期。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
（命題人：郁珍德 審題人：胡 笳）
西南師大附中2008―2009學年度下期期中考試
本西南師大附中2008―2009學年度下期期中考試
高一物理試題
（滿分：150分 時間：120分鐘）
1． 1.一外力對一物體做功，使其動能變為原來的9倍，則其動量的大小變為原來的（ ）
A．2倍 B．2
倍 C．4倍 D．3倍
2． 2.一質量為m的物體從傾角為30o、長為L的光滑斜面頂端由靜止開始下滑，到底端時的速度大小為v，在這個過程中，重力所做的功為（ ）
A．
B．
C．
D．
3．
3.質量為
A．
4． 4.如圖，a、b、c是在地球大氣層外同一平面內圓形軌道上運動的三顆衛星，則（ ）
A．b、c所受向心力一定相等
B．b、c的周期相等，且大于a的周期
C．b、c的向心加速度大小相等，且大于a的向心加速度
D．b、c的線速度大小相等，且大于a的線速度
5． 5.如圖所示，位于光滑水平桌面上的小滑塊P和Q都可視作質點，質量相等。Q與輕質彈簧相連。設Q靜止，P以一定初速度向Q運動并與彈簧發生碰撞。在整個過程中，彈簧具有的最大彈性勢能等于（ ）
A．P的初動能 B．P的初動能的
C．P的初動能的
D．P的初動能的
6．
6.如圖，一質量為M的物塊靜止在桌面邊緣。一質量為m的子彈以水平速度v0射入物塊后，以水平速度v0/2 射出。則子彈對物塊沖量I的大小為（
）
A．
B．
C．
D．
7． 7.宇航員在月球上做自由落體實驗，將某物體由距月球表面高h處釋放，經時間t后落到月球表面（設月球半徑為R）．據上述信息推斷，飛船在月球表面附近繞月球做勻速圓周運動所必須具有的速率為（ ）
A．
B．
C．
D．
8． 8.如圖所示，A、B兩個木塊間用輕彈簧相連，放在光滑水平面上，A緊靠豎直墻．一顆子彈沿水平方向以很大的速度射入木塊B后留在其中，由子彈、彈簧和A、B兩木塊組成的系統，在下列依次進行的四個過程中，動量不守恒但機械能守恒的是（ ）
A．子彈進入木塊B的過程
B．木塊B帶著子彈向左運動，直到彈簧壓縮量達最大的過程
C．彈簧推著帶有子彈的木塊B向右移動，直到彈簧恢復原長的過程
D．彈簧恢復原長時，木塊B因慣性繼續向右移動，直到彈簧伸長量達最大的過程
9．
9.右圖是在光滑水平面上沿同一條直線運動的兩個滑塊a、b在發生碰撞前后的位移圖象．下列說法中正確的是（
）
A．a、b的質量之比為1∶4
B．a、b的質量之比為1∶8
C．碰撞前a的動量較大
D．碰撞過程中a的動能增大，b的動能減小
10．
10.如圖，質量為M、長度為l的小車靜止在光滑的水平面上．質量為m的小物塊（可視為質點）放在小車的最左端．現在一水平恒力F作用在小物塊上，使小物塊從靜止開始做勻加速直線運動，小物塊和小車之間的摩擦力為f．經過時間t，小車運動的位移為s，小物塊剛好滑到小車的最右端，則（ ）
A．此時小物塊的動量為F t
B．此時小物塊的動能為( F－f ) ( s + l )
C．這一過程中，小物塊和小車產生的內能為f l
D．這一過程中，小物塊和小車增加的機械能為Fs
11． 11.某行星繞太陽的運動可近似看作勻速圓周運動，已知行星運動的軌道半徑為R，周期為T，萬有引力常量為G，則該行星的線速度大小為_________，太陽的質量可表示為_________。
12．
13．
12.魚雷快艇的質量為M（不包含魚雷的質量），帶著一顆質量為m的魚雷以速度v勻速前進．當快艇沿前進方向把魚雷發射出后，快艇的運動方向不變，速度大小變為
，則魚雷相對于地的發射速度為___________（不計水的阻力）．
14．
15．
13.質量為M = 500t的機車以恒定功率從靜止開始運動，經時間t = 5 min，在水平軌道上行駛了s =
西南師大附中2008―2009學年度下期期中考試
高一化學試題
（總分：150分 考試時間：120分鐘）
注意事項：
1．答卷前考生務必將自己的班級、姓名、學號和考試科目用鋼筆、2B鉛筆分別填在機讀卡和第II卷密封線內。
2．第I卷每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把機讀卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案，不能答在試題卷上。
3．第II卷用鋼筆或圓珠筆直接答在答題卷上。
4．考試結束，將機讀卡和答題卷上交（第I、II卷自己保留好，以備評講）
元素相對原子質量：H
第I卷 選擇題（共72分）
本西南師大附中2008―2009學年度下期期中考試
高一物理試題
（滿分：150分 時間：120分鐘）
1． 1.一外力對一物體做功，使其動能變為原來的9倍，則其動量的大小變為原來的（ ）
A．2倍 B．2
倍 C．4倍 D．3倍
2． 2.一質量為m的物體從傾角為30o、長為L的光滑斜面頂端由靜止開始下滑，到底端時的速度大小為v，在這個過程中，重力所做的功為（ ）
A．
B．
C．
D．
3．
3.質量為
A．
4． 4.如圖，a、b、c是在地球大氣層外同一平面內圓形軌道上運動的三顆衛星，則（ ）
A．b、c所受向心力一定相等
B．b、c的周期相等，且大于a的周期
C．b、c的向心加速度大小相等，且大于a的向心加速度
D．b、c的線速度大小相等，且大于a的線速度
5． 5.如圖所示，位于光滑水平桌面上的小滑塊P和Q都可視作質點，質量相等。Q與輕質彈簧相連。設Q靜止，P以一定初速度向Q運動并與彈簧發生碰撞。在整個過程中，彈簧具有的最大彈性勢能等于（ ）
A．P的初動能 B．P的初動能的
C．P的初動能的
D．P的初動能的
6．
6.如圖，一質量為M的物塊靜止在桌面邊緣。一質量為m的子彈以水平速度v0射入物塊后，以水平速度v0/2 射出。則子彈對物塊沖量I的大小為（
）
A．
B．
C．
D．
7． 7.宇航員在月球上做自由落體實驗，將某物體由距月球表面高h處釋放，經時間t后落到月球表面（設月球半徑為R）．據上述信息推斷，飛船在月球表面附近繞月球做勻速圓周運動所必須具有的速率為（ ）
A．
B．
C．
D．
8． 8.如圖所示，A、B兩個木塊間用輕彈簧相連，放在光滑水平面上，A緊靠豎直墻．一顆子彈沿水平方向以很大的速度射入木塊B后留在其中，由子彈、彈簧和A、B兩木塊組成的系統，在下列依次進行的四個過程中，動量不守恒但機械能守恒的是（ ）
A．子彈進入木塊B的過程
B．木塊B帶著子彈向左運動，直到彈簧壓縮量達最大的過程
C．彈簧推著帶有子彈的木塊B向右移動，直到彈簧恢復原長的過程
D．彈簧恢復原長時，木塊B因慣性繼續向右移動，直到彈簧伸長量達最大的過程
9．
9.右圖是在光滑水平面上沿同一條直線運動的兩個滑塊a、b在發生碰撞前后的位移圖象．下列說法中正確的是（
）
A．a、b的質量之比為1∶4
B．a、b的質量之比為1∶8
C．碰撞前a的動量較大
D．碰撞過程中a的動能增大，b的動能減小
10．
10.如圖，質量為M、長度為l的小車靜止在光滑的水平面上．質量為m的小物塊（可視為質點）放在小車的最左端．現在一水平恒力F作用在小物塊上，使小物塊從靜止開始做勻加速直線運動，小物塊和小車之間的摩擦力為f．經過時間t，小車運動的位移為s，小物塊剛好滑到小車的最右端，則（ ）
A．此時小物塊的動量為F t
B．此時小物塊的動能為( F－f ) ( s + l )
C．這一過程中，小物塊和小車產生的內能為f l
D．這一過程中，小物塊和小車增加的機械能為Fs
11． 11.某行星繞太陽的運動可近似看作勻速圓周運動，已知行星運動的軌道半徑為R，周期為T，萬有引力常量為G，則該行星的線速度大小為_________，太陽的質量可表示為_________。
12．
13．
12.魚雷快艇的質量為M（不包含魚雷的質量），帶著一顆質量為m的魚雷以速度v勻速前進．當快艇沿前進方向把魚雷發射出后，快艇的運動方向不變，速度大小變為
，則魚雷相對于地的發射速度為___________（不計水的阻力）．
14．
15．
13.質量為M = 500t的機車以恒定功率從靜止開始運動，經時間t = 5 min，在水平軌道上行駛了s =
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