Ever feel like you’ve been hit on the head after a bad night’s sleep? According to scientists, the thought isn’t as unbelievable as it seems.
A study found going without sleep for just one night causes changes in the brain similar to those that occur after a blow to the head. The researchers said the healthy young men examined in the study showed a sudden increase in the same chemicals which indicate brain damage. Professor Christian Benedict, of Uppsala University, Sweden, explained that the chemicals NSE and S-100B are biomarkers for brain damage, such as concussion(腦震蕩). He said, "What we found was their levels in the blood rose in the group that went without sleep for a night. This was not to the extent that would happen after a head injury, for instance, but it was still significant. During sleep, the brain cleans poisonous substances off itself."
Benedict also said previous studies which linked a lack of sleep with increased risk of Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and multiple sclerosis could applaud his study. The rise of the chemicals in the blood after sleep loss may suggest not getting enough sleep contributes to a loss of brain tissue, he explained. Benedict, whose study is published in the journal Sleep, added, "In conclusion, the findings of our experiment indicate a good night’s sleep may be critical to maintaining brain health."
A third of the UK population suffer from sleep-related problems, while the average person now sleeps for only seven hours a night, compared with almost nine a few decades ago. Many scientists believe irregular sleeping patterns lead to illnesses ranging from aches and pains to heart disease, while less than eight hours’ sleep a night can lower the IQ the next day.
1.If you don’t sleep for a night, what will happen?
A.NSE and S-100B will increase.
B.The brain damage will be likea head injury.
C.You will suffer from concussion.
D.The brain will get rid of poisonous substances.
2.What do we know about previous studies?
A.They found reasons for brain disorders.
B.Their findings were published inSleep.
C.They were supported by Benedict’s study.
D.They focused on brain health.
3.What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.UK people have the worst sleep.
B.Man’s intelligence is affected by sleep in a way.
C.People were smarter in the past.
D.A lack of sleep causes all brain-related problems.
4.What’s the main idea of the passage?
A.Eight hours’ sleep is important.
B.Regular sleeping patterns improve health.
C.Sleep loss is close to a blow to the head.
D.Human brains work during sleep.
名校課堂系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年江蘇啟東中學高二上第二次月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
The word “ungelivable”, based on Chinese, which has become a big hit online very quickly, ______ a message that Chinese can also serve as an addition to English vocabulary.
A. acknowledgesB. assessesC. declaresD. conveys
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年江蘇揚州中學高二上開學考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
A warm thought suddenly came to me ________ I might use the pocket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday.
A. ifB. whenC. thatD. which
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年山西平遙中學高一上期中考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：七選五
根據對話內容，從對話后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項 。選項中有兩項為多余選項.
Homework is a major part of going to school: It's your teachers' way of evaluating(評價)how much you understand of what's going on in class. 1. Luckily, you can do a few things to make homework less work.
Be sure you understand the homework.
Write your homework down in your notebook or day planner if you need to. 2. It's much easier to take a minute to ask the teacher during or after class than to struggle to remember later that night!
Use any extra time in school.
Many schools have study halls that are specifically designed to allow students to study. It's tempting(誘惑)to hang out with friends during study periods or unstructured(松散的) time. 3.
Take a break.
4. So take some breaks while doing your homework. Sitting for too long without stretching or relaxing will make you less productive than if you stop every so often. Taking a 15minute break every hour is a good idea for most people.
5.
If you don't finish your homework during school, think about how much you have left and what else is going on that day, and then budget your time. Most highschool students have between 1 and 3 hours of homework a night. If it's a heavy homework day and it seems like you've got an assignment in every subject but gym and lunch, you'll need to devote more time to homework. It's a good idea to come up with some kind of homework schedule（日程）, especially if you are involved in sports or activities or have an afterschool job.
A.Pace yourself.
B.Settle down to do homework.
C.And it helps digest important concepts(概念).
D.Most people's attention spans(注意力持續時間)aren't very long.
E.Don't be afraid to ask questions about what's expected.
F.Once your homework is done, you can check over it if you have extra time.
G.But the more work you can get done in school, the less you'll have to do that night.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆四川成都石室中學高三上期中考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：語法填空
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容（不多于3個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。
In China, the history of people planting and using bamboo can date back to as far as 7000 years. As early as the Shang Dynasty, bamboo was being used in ancient people’s daily lives. It was used for food, clothing, housing, transportation, 1. (music) instruments and even weapons.
The 2. (apply) of bamboo in science and technology is thrilling. In 251 BC, Li Bing, in Sichuan, 3. (lead) the local people in building the Dujiang Weirs(都江堰), the first irrigation network in the world, in which bamboo played 4. important role. The world’s oldest water pipe was also 5. (make) of bamboo. During the Han Dynasty, the people in Sichuan 6. (success) sank a 1600-metre-deep well with thick bamboo ropes. This technology did not spread to Europe 7. the 19th century, and it was by using the technology 8. the Americans drilled the first oil well in Pennsylvania in 1859.
In Chinese culture, bamboo is well-known as 9. of the “four gentlemen” in plants. To many distinguished men, bamboo is a symbol of goodness and honesty. It is always closely related to people of positive spirits. Influenced by bamboo culture, many people are taught to hold on when 10. (face) tough situations.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學年內蒙古高二上第二次月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C、D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
It was still a long way, especially when a wind was blowing in. Trint reached for his jacket and when he saw the box on the passenger seat. His mother had been him spending Christmas on the road and had given him a box filled with . His mom still him like a kid, though he was a driver now. He reached into the stocking and a toy tractor that looked a lot like his truck. He wondered how many stores his mother had to go before she found such a close match. filled his eyes.
He climbed out of his cab (駕駛室) and ran into the all night café, which many truckers were eating and talking. And a family of three were huddled (擠在一起) in a corner, tired and . Trint the boy. No kid should have to spend Christmas Eve in a truck stop.
Trint missed his family. His mom raised four kids by herself, no matter. how life was, she’d always made sure they had a good Christmas. Then he his box in the truck. He looked at the kid again and knew what he had to do. He forced himself into the outside to open his truck. He took the out of the cab and hurried back to the warmth of the café. He walked to the family. “I think left this for you,” Trint said and handed the red stocking to the boy. “Tell Santa… well, tell him , ” the boy’s father said and shook Trint’s hand long and hard. The mother smiled gratefully. The boy reached out and caught the stocking and dug inside.
Trint felt good. He had a job he loved, clear weather and miles of open road ahead. He wasn’t any more, or lonely. He loved this life and he wouldn’t a thing.
1.A. continued B. moved C. left D. stopped
2.A. worried about B. excited at C. satisfied with D. disappointed at
3.A. backward B. alone C. together D. ahead
4.A. flower B. cake C. present D. chocolate
5.A. blamed B. treated C. thought D. respected
6.A. put back B. turned over C. brought out D. sold out
7.A. Tears B. Water C. Blood D. Sweat
8.A. around B. on C. by D. inside
9.A. excited B. unhappy C. enthusiastic D. pleased
10.A. felt proud of B. got tired of C. felt sorry for D .became interested in
11. A. for B. so C. though D. but
12.A. hard B. unfair C. hopeless D. boring
13.A. threw away B. sent back C. thought of D. put down
14.A. cold B. warmth C. snow D. rain
15.A. toy tractor B. jacket C. bag D. stocking
16.A. God B. Santa Claus C. my mother D. someone kind
17.A. yes B. no C. sorry D. thanks
18.A. sadly B. weakly C. eagerly D. seriously
19.A. surprised B. tired C. relaxed D. confused
20.A. improve B. miss C. throw D. change
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014-2015學年內蒙古高一上第二次月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中有10處語言錯誤。每句中至多有兩處錯誤。請在有錯誤的地方增加、刪除或修改某個單詞。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（/）劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：
1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；
2. 只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。
Dear Diary,
Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week? Dad lost his job, and as Mom explained, “He is lucky to find other one.” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school and just everything else I love in the world. To make things bad, now I have to share a room to my younger sister, Maggie. Tomorrow is first day of school. I am very tiring, but I know I’ll never fall asleep.
Good night or remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir of my past life and my only friend.
Yours,
Rosemary
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015-2016學年吉林省吉林市高二5月考英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Hey, ladies! It’s summer again and it’s time for a new you! No more make-up, no more pretending! Yes, that’s right! It’s time to stop making ourselves beautiful for the camera, and start posting confident pictures without all the make-up and extra tricks we add onto ourselves in the hope of appearing more attractive and beautiful. Because believe it or not, we already are!
After we wash our face and go to bed, it is not so perfect. You know it’s the face we should confidently be showing to the world! Who cares if you have pimples（面痕）or your eyes look small, or if you have crow’s feet? Guess what? Those are actually what make you such a beautifully grown woman. And any person who doesn’t think so is just not as strong as you.
Nowadays we are so prone to do anything and everything to make us look as young and perfect as possible. Yet the truth is, by doing this, we are actually making our tree skin get worse and badly affected by all the junk we put on. We are making ourselves believe that by changing our appearance we will be more accepted and seem more attractive to other people. And yet, our final goal is to find that without all of the make-up. What kind of twisted（扭曲的）game are we really playing with ourselves?
So I would like to make a suggestion for all women out there to give yourself a break at least this summer. Take a couple of pictures without all of that make-up on. You don’t need it every single day, especially not this hot summer! You’ll be surprised that the more confident you are about showing the real side of you, the more attractive you will be to everyone else.
Yes, the saying, “Beauty comes from within” is an old one, definitely still holds some troth today. So be brave, carefree, and make-up free! Let the world see you for who you really are!
1.The author thinks that ladies should show others _______.
A. their crow’s feet
B. their beautiful pictures
C. their real face with confidence
D. their attractive appearance
2.What does the author think of adding make-up to our face?
A. It makes perfect images.
B. It makes us more accepted and attractive.
C. It makes true images go outdated.
D. It’s hard to achieve what we wish.
3.What is the author’s purpose of quoting the old saying?
A. To declare it’s what one really is that matters.
B. To show the importance of adding make-up
C. To give us some examples of adding make-up.
D. To tell us not to neglect those old sayings.
4.What is the topic of this text?
A. Spending more time being with families and friends.
B. Not putting on any make-up on our face this summer.
C. Paying enough attention to ourselves in this summer.
D. Showing the beautiful side of ourselves to others.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆甘肅蘭州一中高三12月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：書面表達
假如你是蘭州市的一名高中生李華，你在美國的筆友John一直夢想著來中國體驗中國的傳統文化。正好這段時間蘭州正在舉辦世界園藝博覽會（International Horticultural Exposition），請你給他寫一封信，邀請他來蘭州欣賞園藝，順便感受一下中國各地的風俗文化。
信件包括以下要點：1. 世界園藝博覽會從4月29日持續到10月16日；
2. 可欣賞世界各地的園林藝術；
3. 有機會認識和結交世界各地的朋友。
注意：1. 詞數100字左右
2. 可以適當添加細節以是行文連貫
3. 開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。
Dear John,
I’m writing to invite you to Lanzhou, China. ________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
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Yours sincerely,
Li Hua
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