The whole body is covered with skin.The surface of the skin is dead(like the hair and the nails),but it is made from a living layer(層)just under the surface.The outside dead layers wear off(磨損)all the time,with new ones replacing them,and the body forms a totally new skin every three weeks.
The skin protects the body from the outside world and it passes information from the outside.It helps to keep water in the body and to keep the body at the same temperature.Becteria(細(xì)菌)can’t get in through the skin unless it is damaged.
If the weather is cold,the blood vessels(血管)in the skin squeeze down,or contract(收縮),so that as little blood as possible comes near the surface.This means that less warmth is lost to the outside.This makes the skin look pale,or even “blue”.At the same time,the hairs on the skin are pulled upright by tiny muscles.
When it is hot,the blood vessels expand(擴(kuò)大),or get wider again,to allow plenty of blood to run near the surface of the skin.This helps the body to lose heat,and the skin may look red.At the same time,the sweat glands(汗腺)produce more sweat,which cools the skin.
If your skin has ever been numb(麻木的),you will realize how important the feeling from the skin is.Nerves(神經(jīng))in the skin are sensitive(敏感的)to heat and cold,sharpness,hardness and softness,wetness and dryness and pain.If one is not able to feel these things,which can act as warnings,he is likely to be burned,cut or hurt in other ways.
The colour of the skin depends on special colour cells(細(xì)胞).These are just below the top layers of the skin.They are needed as protection from some harmful ray of the sun.The stronger the sun is,the more important it is to have a dark skin.People with pale skins may “tan”(曬黑)in the sun.This happens when the body produces extra colour cells in the skin for protection.In the sun,the skin produces a vitamin(vitamin D)which is needed for strong bones.
【小題1】Which of the following statements is NOT true?
| A．Our hair and nails are dead like the surface of the skin. |
| B．There is skin all over our body. |
| C．The skin of our bodies will be completely different in three weeks. |
| D．The surface of the skin is made of a living layer. |
| A．the functions of the skin |
| B．the information from the outside |
| C．the water in the body |
| D．the temperature of the body |
| A．when one’s skin is numb |
| B．when one is ill |
| C．when the skin is cut |
| D．when the sweat glands produce more sweat |
| A．a(chǎn)llow more blood near | B．make the skin look blue |
| C．keep warmth | D．help the body lose heat |
| A．the rays of the strong sun | B．colour cells |
| C．top layers of the skin | D．vitamin D |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆吉林省吉林市普通中學(xué)高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：單選題
_______ the whole society care for children as well as their parents, children can grow healthily and happily.
| A．As soon as | B．Once | C．The moment | D．So long as |
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通讀下面短文，了解其大意，然后從21—40各小題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項
After their business trip, John and Mary returned, eager to see their lovely children. As they drove into their home town feeling glad to be back, they noticed 21 , and they went off their usual route to see what it was. They found a 22 in flames. Mary said, “Oh, well, it isn’t our fire, let’s go home.”
But John 23 closer and screamed, “That home belongs to Fred Jones who works at the plant. He wouldn’t be 24 works yet, maybe there is something we could do. ” “It has nothing to do with us”, Mary 25 .
But John drove up and stopped and they were both horror-stricken to see the whole house in 26 . A woman on the lawn was screaming, “The children! Get the children!” John 27 her by the shoulder saying, “Get a hold of yourself and tell us where the children are!” “In the 28 ,” cried the woman, “down the hall and to the left. ”
In spite of Mary’s disagreement John 29 for the basement which was full of smoke and 30 hot. He found the door and two children. 31 he left he could hear some more sobbing（哭泣）. He 32 the two badly frightened children into 33 arms and started back asking how many more children were down there. They told him 34 more and Mary grasped his arm and screamed, “John! Don’t go back! It’s 35 ! That house will fall down any second. ”
36 he ran into the smoke-filled hallway and at last he found both children. As he climbed up the 37 stairs, the thought went through his mind that there was something strangely 38 about the little bodies next to him, and at last when they came out into the 39 and fresh air, he found that he had just 40 his own children.
The baby-sitter had left them at this home while she did some shopping.
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完型填空(共20小題;每小題1.5分, 滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C、D)中，選出可以填入空白處
的最佳選項，并在機(jī)讀卡上將該選項涂黑。
There is a small shop about 200 meters from where I live that sells groceries, meat and other basic necessities. About 10 yearsa ago, there was a beggar who would go into the shop every day and ask the owner for a 21 . The owner, 22 he would love to help, simply didn’t have any jobs availabe, so he kept 23 the man’s office.
This situation continued 24 for a few months, until the owner 25 to give the homeless man a job which 26 sweeping outside the shop. Every single day form 5 a.m, the homeless man was there doing the very 27 he could for the 28 , making it the community’s favourite, even though it did earn him pennies. 29 , the owner saw how good a job the man was doing and gave him a job working 30 a cashier(收銀員). He was watched closely to make sure that he didn’t 31 any of the money received from the sales. He was still homeless, after all. The homeless man did a/an 32 job as a cashier for over 2 years, and did such a good job that he was promoted to 33 the finances for the whole shop.
To my 34 , this was the arrangements up until 2 years ago, when the owner 35 . In his will, he only had one 36 , to give the whole shop to the now stable, “homeless” man. Now, I could walk into that shop and see him working as hard as 37 , with his own business that is still 38 and active 10 years after getting his job as a sweeper.
From this story, we can probably get the inspiration: work hard and give everything your best effort, even if it isn’t your 39 situation, it very well may turn out to 40 some day in the future.
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閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。
Several years ago, while attending a communication course, I experienced a most unusual process．The instructor asked us to list __16__ in our past that we felt __17__ of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud．
This seemed like a very __18__ process, but there' s always some __19__soul in the crowd who will volunteer．The instructor then __20__ that we find ways to __
21__ people, or take some action to right any wrong doings．I was seriously wondering how this could ever __22__ my communication．
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Nearly 20 years later．Sheriff Brown's name __28__ on my list．I didn't even know if he was still 29__．Last weekend, I dialed the information in my hometown and found there was a Roger Brown still listed．I tried his number．After a few __30__, 1 heard, "Hello?" I said, "Sheriff BroW?" Paused．"Yes．" "Well, this is Jimmy Calkins．"
"And I want you to know that I did it? "Paused．"I knew it!" he yelled back．We had a good laugh and a __31__ discussion．His closing words were: "Jimmy, I always felt bad for you __32__ your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it __33__ all these years．I want to thank you for calling me for your sake．"
Jimmy inspired me to __34__ all the items on my list within two years, and I always remember what I learned from the course: It's never too late to __35 the past wrongdoings．
16．A．something B．a(chǎn)nything C．somebody D．a(chǎn)nybody
17．A．a(chǎn)shamed B．a(chǎn)fraid C．sure D．proud
18．A．private B．secret C．interesting D．funny
19．A．foolish B．polite C．simple D．brave
20．A．expected B．suggested C．ordered D．demanded
21．A．connect with B．depend on C．a(chǎn)pologize to D．get along with
22．A．improve B．continue C．realize D．keep
23．A．notes B．list C．plan D．stories
24．A．a(chǎn)ny B．most C．none D．a(chǎn)ll
25．A．part B．game C．trick D．record
26．A．view B．sign C．a(chǎn)ttention D．remark
27．A．a(chǎn)lso B．even C．still D．ever
28．A．a(chǎn)ppears' B．considers C．presents D．remembers
29．A．a(chǎn)ngry B．happy C．doubtful D．a(chǎn)live
30．A．words B．rings C．repeats D．calls
31．A．cold B．plain C．nervous D．lively[來源:Z*xx*k.Com]
32．A．in case B．so long as C．unless D．because
33．A．a(chǎn)round B．out C．on D．a(chǎn)way
34．A．build up B．make up C．clear up D．give up
35．A．regret B．forgive C．right D．punish
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學(xué)年黑龍江省綏化市第九中學(xué)高一下期第一次月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：完型填空
One day a rich man was invited to dinner at the home of one of his friends. He did not know what to 36 the wine, meat and chicken he had just bought. Certainly he could not 37 them to the servant. Then he had 38 idea. He called up the servant and 39 to him.
"I'll be away for the whole evening, and I'll leave you to look after the house. In the cupboard there are two bottles filled with 40 . Be careful about it. You'll be killed if you take even a 41 of it. There is also some meat and chicken in the cupboard. Take care of them". 42 these words the rich man left the home.
43 the master turned his back, the servant opened the cupboard and began to enjoy all the nice things in it. He 44 the two bottles and ate up the meat, the chicken and 45 he found in the cupboard. He was 46 and soon fell 47 .
At mid-night the rich man returned home. He looked into the cupboard and to his great 48 , all the wine and food were 49 . He was mad with 50 and called the servant up.
"Oh, Master," the servant began to say 51 the rich man could open his mouth; "while you were away, the neighbor's black cat stole into our kitchen and ate up every things in the cupboard. I know you would be angry with me. I was so 52 that I drank the two bottles of poison to kill 53 “there were tears in the servant's eyes.”O(jiān)h, Master," he continued, "Please don't get angry with a 54 _ man. I'll soon be dead.
The rich man, of course, did not 55 a word of his story. But again, he could do nothing about it.
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