Question

Multitasking
People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests. The findings, based on performances and self-evaluation by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can’t focus on one activity. And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.
Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensation-seeking (尋求刺激) or imperative (沖動) they were. They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.
Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once. But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test. They also were more likely to admit to sensation-seeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.
“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity, but because they’re distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.” Sanbonmatsu said.
Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn’t find out whether people who start out less focused   toward multitasking or whether people’s recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.
The findings do suggest, however, why the sensation-seeker who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving. “People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group. “This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they’re dangerous.”
小題1: The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask       .

A．seek high productivity constantly

B．prefer handling different things when getting bored

C．are more focused when doing many things at a time

D．have the poorest results in doing various things at the same time

小題2:When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they          .

A．assessed the multitasking ability of the students

B．evaluated the academic achievements of the students

C．analyzed the effects of the participants’ tricky mental tasks

D．measured the changes of the students’ understanding ability

小題3:According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their        _.

A．limited power in calculation	B．interests in doing things differently
C．inability to concentrate on one task	D．impulsive desire to try new things

小題4: From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually____  .

A．drive very skillfully

B．go in for different tasks

C．fail to react quickly to potential dangers

D．refuse to explain the reasons for their behavior

Answer 1

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:C

文章大意：文章講述的是一項與人們通常的觀點相反的研究結果，即通常同時做多件事情的人，反而沒有普通人同時處理兩件事情的效率高，因為同時做多件事情的人平時更容易分心。
小題1:根據第一段的“People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests和those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things,”可知，平時同時做多件事情的人，在研究的實驗中結果表現最差。故選擇D
小題2:根據第二段的“They then evaluated the participants’ multitasking ability”可知，他們是為了評估每一位參與者的多任務處理能力。
小題3:根據第四段“People multitask not because it’s going to lead to greater productivity, but because they’re distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important.”可知，Sanbonmatsu認為人們同時做很多件事情，不是因為他們想增加銷量/產量，而是因為他們容易分心（distractible），他們很容易被不重要的事情所吸引，因此，得出結論，很多人是沒有集中精力做一件事情的能力，即C選項。
小題4:根據最后一段的“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”，通常同時做多件事情的人對于危險的情況沒有那么敏感，也就是說他們對于危險的情況或者潛在的危險沒有那么強的敏感性，或者說沒有能夠做出快速反應的能力，即C選項。