The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past. With the coming of new technologies like computers and smart phone, writing by hand has become something of old skill. However, while today’s educators are using more and more technology in their teaching, many believe handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful--both in school and in life.
Virginia Berninger, professor of educational psychology(心理學) at the University of Washington, says it’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children learn the skill of writing by hand.
Berninger and her workmates carried out a study that looked at the ability of students to complete different writing tasks---both on a computer and by hand. The study, published in 2009, found that when writing with a pen and paper, people wrote longer articles and more complete sentences.
In a more recent study, Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student’s writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write. “Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us get our vocabulary, word meaning and ideas. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas.” Berninger said.
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe(轉換) “those words in the mind into written symbols(標志) on paper or keyboard and screen,” the study said. Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, says Berninger, but also to notice spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time.
“In our computer age, some people believe that we don’t have to teach spelling because we have spell checks,” she said. “But until a child has spelling ability of about a fifth grade level, they won’t have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the choices given by the computer.”
【小題1】Which of the following best shows the role of spelling?
| A．Spelling improves one’s memory of words. |
| B．Spelling ability is closely tied to writing ability. |
| C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas. |
| D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas. |
| A．Window. | B．Emotion. |
| C．Picture. | D．Imagination. |
| A．Computers can help people with their choice of words. |
| B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching. |
| C．Handwriting still has a place in today’s classrooms. |
| D．Spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade. |
【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】C
解析試題分析：學生們從黑板上抄寫知識點已成為過去的事了。隨著新技術，如電腦和智能手機的到來，還需要學生們掌握抄寫技能嗎？接下來作者提出人們對此的看法，又例舉了伯寧格進行了調查報告，所展示的結果，最后提出加強拼寫有助于學生的發展。
【小題1】細節理解題。問題：下列哪一項最好的展示了拼寫的角色？分析原文：Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us get our vocabulary, word meaning and ideas. It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas 句意：拼寫使我們的大腦思維活躍，可以從詞匯、詞義和想法得到訓練。它也是書寫語言與思維的聯系方法。因此是說明了，拼寫與寫作是緊密聯系在一起的。故選B
【小題2】細節理解題。問題：第五段中劃線詞的意思？分析原文：Seeing the words in the “mind’s eye” helps children not only to turn their ideas into words, but also to notice spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time. 句意：用內心去看這些單詞，不僅能幫助學生們將思想變成文字，而且也能注意到拼寫的錯誤和正確的書寫。聯系本意：思想的眼睛則為想像之意。故選D
【小題3】細節理解題。問題：通過短文，我們能了解到什么？分析短文的中心句：many believe handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful--both in school and in life.句意：有許多人相信寫作技能在學校與生活中依然有必要學的。結合選項，則第三項符合。故選C
考點：社會現象類短文閱讀。
科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
A group of swans flew down to a beach where a crow(烏鴉) was jumping around. The crow watched them with disdain(鄙視).
“You have no flying skills at all!” he said to the swans. “All you can do is to move your wings. Can you turn over in the air? No, that’s beyond you. Let’s have a flying competition. I’ll show you what real flying is!”
One of the swans, a strong young male, took up the challenge. The crow flew up and began to show his skills. He flew in circles, performed other flying tricks, and then came down and looked proudly at the swan.
Now it was the swan’s turn. He flew up, and began flying over the sea. The crow flew after him, making all kinds of comments(評價) about his flying. They flew on and on till they couldn’t see the land and there was nothing but water on all sides. The crow was making fewer and fewer comments. He was now so exhausted that he found it hard to stay in the air, and had to struggle to keep himself from falling into the water.
The swan pretended(假裝) not to notice, and said, “Why do you keep touching the water, brother? Is that another trick?”
“No,” said the crow. He knew he had lost the competition. “I’m in trouble because of my pride! If you don’t help me, I’ll lose my life…”
The swan took pity on him, and took him on his shoulders and flew back to the beach.
【小題1】What’s the correct order of the following events?
a. The crow showed off its flying skills.
b. The swan felt pity for the crow and saved it.
c. The crow laughed at the swan’s flying.
d. The crow followed the swan and got into trouble.
e. The crow challenged the swans and a strong young swan accepted it.
| A．e, c, d, a, b | B．a, e, c, d, b | C．c, e, a, d, b | D．e, a, d, c, b |
| A．Tired. | B．Angry. | C．Frightened. | D．Regretful. |
| A．It was showing another flying skill. |
| B．It was struggling to keep itself from falling into the water. |
| C．It was thirsty and wanted to drink some water. |
| D．It was enjoying itself by doing so. |
| A．The crow didn’t know flying. |
| B．Flying skills were useless. |
| C．The swan saved the crow because they were good friends. |
| D．The swan was better at long-distance flying than the crow. |
| A．No pains, no gains. | B．The early bird catches the worm. |
| C．Pride goes before a fall. | D．Practice makes perfect. |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Mobile phones help us easily find people anywhere at any time. A mobile phone can include many things, such as games, music and Internet surfing. Today, 4,600,000,000 people around the world have mobile phones, according to CBS News.
However, using mobile phones too often may cause cancer(癌癥). It’s reported that people who used a mobile phone for 10 years or more were more likely to get cancer. The advice below may help you reduce the risk of cancer:
★An earphone gives out much less radiation(輻射) than phones. However, you should take it off your ear when you’re not talking to anyone.
★Your phone gives out radiation when you talk or text(發短信), but not when you’re listening or getting messages. Listening more and talking less can lower the risk of cancer.
★Hold the phone away from your body when you’re talking, not against your ear. Also, don’t keep it in your pocket.
★Phones gives out less radiation to send texts than to carry a person’s voice. Texting also keeps radiation away from your head.
★Do not use your mobile phone when the signal(信號) is weak. Fewer signal bars on your phone mean that the phone needs to give out more radiation to work. Make and take calls when your phone has a strong signal.
【小題1】According to CBS News, _____ people all over the world have got mobile phones.
| A．4.6 million | B．4.6 billion |
| C．46 billion | D．460 thousand |
| A．mobile phones have three new ways |
| B．it’s dangerous to use mobile phones too much |
| C．mobile phones help us a lot and many people use them |
| D．people can do nothing without mobile phones |
| A．Six. | B．Five. |
| C．Four. | D．Three. |
| A．the development and advantages of mobile phones |
| B．the reason why mobile phone radiation causes cancer |
| C．how to protect ourselves from mobile phone radiation |
| D．the best ways to use mobile phones to communicate |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Qi Haoran, a Junior One student, was quite busy over the past winter vacation – and not just with homework. Qi, together with 10 other classmates made a volunteer group to call on people to join the Clean Your Plate Campaign (光盤行動).
The 11 students went to many restaurants and told people the importance of saving food.“Excuse me, do you know that 950 million people around the world still haven’t got enough to eat? Could you please not waste food?” They would say this kind of thing hundreds of times every day.
The Clean Your Plate Campaign began on the Internet in January. It calls on people to reduce food waste.
China in these years had serious problems with wasted food. CCTV reported in January that the food Chinese people waste every year is enough to feed 200 million people for a year.
Chinese people are well known for being hospitable (好客的) and generous. Many even feel that they lose face if their guests have eaten all their food.
Luckily the campaign has got the support of many. In a restaurant in Xinjiang, the owner gives the guests who have eaten up all that they ordered a sticker. People can enjoy a free meal when they have 10 stickers. More than 750 restaurants in Beijing have begun to offer smaller dishes and encourage their guests to take leftovers(吃剩的食物) home.
To reduce food waste is a big task, and it needs time. It’s important that everyone does their bit, just like Qi. Did you finish your meals today?
【小題1】What did the 11 students do in the winter vacation?
| A．They opened a restaurant together. |
| B．They volunteered for a campaign. |
| C．The helped each other with homework. |
| D．They collected money from customers in restaurants. |
| A．打電話 | B．叫喊 | C．拜訪 | D．號召 |
| A．Wasting food is a serious problem in China. |
| B．Chinese people waste the most food in the world. |
| C．Chinese people want to show off because they are rich. |
| D．Most Chinese people are afraid of losing face at the table. |
| A．It encouraged customers to take leftovers home. |
| B．It gave stickers to the guests who ordered small dishes. |
| C．The owner would have dinner with those who had eaten up their food. |
| D．It offered a free meal to the guests who had finished all their food ten times. |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Teens want structure in their lives, which means they want their lives well-planned. To begin building structure, teens need love and trust. They need to know their parents arc there to give them needed love and support (支持).Teens want to be sure that nothing can prevent parents from shouldering their responsibility for them — not their growing maturity (成熟),misbehavior, nor anger at something they have done. Teens want parents to keep control while allowing them to make some decisions.
There are some ways you can help your teens create reasonable structure and remain close. One way is to spend time together. Parents often mistake their teens’ increased interest in friends for a disinterest in the family.
Teens would like to spend more time doing things with their parents, but watching TV is not counted as spending time together. As your teens mature, it is important for you and your teens spend time alone together, one to one. Your teens need time to talk to you alone without any other family member present.
Talk with your teens about their interests and concerns. Make sure you really show interest in what is happening. When talking with your teens, give full attention and do not stop them.
The way to help your teens become adults is to let your teens into your world. Sharing your emotions and concerns with your teens is important. Avoid causing needless worry.
Trust your teens. Don't expect the worst. Hope for the best. Telling your teens you don’t like their friends will cause the teens not to bring their friends home. If something should go wrong, believe that your teens didn’t do it on purpose.
It is very important that you treat your teens with respect. Teens need the same respect adults show for total strangers. Don’t talk down to your teens.
You need to be supportive o f your teens. What may be a small problem to you may be troubling to your teens. Teens don't have the experiences that adults have had. Let the teens know that you understand how much it hurts when something happens that is upsetting or hurtful to them. As they mature, they can look back at some problems they had and laugh at having been upset by something that now seems unimportant.
The most important things to remember are: talk with your teens, listen to their worries and offer suggestions when needed. This will help your teens to live a well-organized life.
【小題1】According to Paragraph 1, teens ______________.
| A．can control themselves. |
| B．expect direction and freedom. |
| C．don’t know how to make decision |
| D．don’t have responsibility for the family |
| A．compared with | B．used as |
| C．connected with | D．regarded as |
| A．invite their teens’ friends home. |
| B．leave their teens’ problems alone. |
| C．share their feelings with their teens. |
| D．pay little attention to their teens’ daily lives. |
| A．Training Teens to Become Responsible Adults. |
| B．Helping Teens to Build Reasonable Structure. |
| C．Improving the Relationship with Your Teens. |
| D．Stepping into Your Teens’ Secret Word. |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Millions of British people have ditched the traditional “thank you” and took the place of it with the less formal “cheers”, according to a survey.
Although the common person will say “thank you” nearly 5,000 times a year, one in three are more likely to add a “cheers” or “ta” where it’s needed to show they are fashionable.
One in twenty now say “nice one” instead, while the younger are more likely to offer a “cool” than a “thank you”.
“Merci”, “fab” and even “gracias” were also listed as common phrases to use, as “much appreciated(感激)”.
One in twenty who took part in the survey of 2,000 people by the Food Network UK for Thank You Day, which is marked on November 24, 2011, said a formal “thank you” was now not often needed in everyday conversation. More than one in ten adults said they regularly won’t say thank you if they are in a bad mood. Most people stated that saying thank you was something that their parents trained them. A huge 70 percent of those questioned will say thank you to a person’s face without even meaning it, while one fifth avoid(避免)saying it when they know they should.
It seems our friends and family get the stress of our bad manners. Half of them admit (承認) they’re not good at thanking those closest to them. Many of them explain that they don’t say thank you because their family “already know I’m grateful”.
When spoken words won’t do, it falls to a nice text to do the job for most people.
One third will still send a handwritten thank-you note---but 45 percent admit it’s been more than six months since they tried to send one.
A quarter of British people say “thank you” with food, with 23 percent cooking a meal to show their appreciation to someone. Another 15 percent bake a cake.
It follows that 85 percent of people will be angry because of not getting the gratitude (感激)
they feel they should receive.
【小題1】Most of the people who took part in the survey say that they say “thank you” _______.
| A．when they are in good mood | B．completely out of habit |
| C．when they feel truly grateful | D．purely out of politeness |
| A．gave up | B．used | C．shared | D．knew |
| A．different ways of expressing gratitude are all fashionable |
| B．people should avoid saying “thank you” nowadays |
| C．a thank-you note is still appreciated by most people |
| D．people in a bad mood never say “thank you” |
| A．Most people express their gratitude to others by buying food for them. |
| B．About fifty percent of people try not to say thank you when they should. |
| C．Most people may feel natural when they fail to receive others’ gratitude. |
| D．Many people think it unnecessary to say thanks to their family members. |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
In a book called Magnificent Obsession, by Lloyd C. Douglas, a description is given of people helping others but doing it secretly. When difficult problems worried a person, friends nearby would meet to discuss possible solution without the person knowing their actions. When a solution was agreed upon, one or two of the friends would carry out the plan and solve the problem secretly, to the great delight of the worried person. The helpers would stand by privately, content with their success. No reward was given to the problem solvers, not even a sincere “thank you”, because they were never known.
This idea is popular today but in a different way. The phrase “pay it forward” is now used when one person helps another. However, the person helped may not be able to repay the person or group that helped them. So rather than return the favor to their helpers, they are supposed to help someone else in the future, which means they pay it forward. It is a sense of responsibility(責任) which makes us want to give back in equal measure to the one who has helped us. But, in this case, the responsibility turns to helping someone in the future.
Suppose your elderly grandmother pays part of your schooling. She may tell you there is no need to repay her because it is a gift from someone who loves you very much. Nothing would please her more than to have you use her money to get a good education.
You may never be able to repay her for such a gift. However, she not only gave you some money, but she provided you with an example that you should also help other people who need it.
People with serious needs are everywhere. Many are children who need better clothes, more books and even better schools. Some are elderly people who can’t afford their medicine or a doctor’s care. Consider how you can “pay it forward” rather than pay money back to your grandmother.
【小題1】The helpers in the book “Magnificent Obsession” were not rewarded because ______________.
| A．they hadn’t solved the problems thoroughly |
| B．they had solved the problems secretly |
| C．they were friends of the worried individual |
| D．they expected to be paid back in the future |
| A．to repay someone who has helped you |
| B．to pay someone else who needs help |
| C．to help someone who has helped you |
| D．to help someone else who needs help |
| A．We should learn to respect our grandparents. |
| B．We should work hard to get a good education. |
| C．We should also lend a hand to other people in need of help. |
| D．We should never forget to repay people for their help. |
| A．everybody needs help |
| B．more children need help than elderly people |
| C．it costs a lot of money to “pay it forward” |
| D．nowadays many people help others without being repaid |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Life are always full of stress (壓力) these days. How do you usually deal with (處理) your stress? Do you know doing housework is helpful in dealing with stress? In fact, doing something like washing dirty clothes may really make people relaxed.
"Doing some housework such as washing windows or ironing (熨) clothes is a good way to face our stress without taking any medicine," says Carol Clark, a successful psychologist (心理學家) in New York. She often advises people who are under lots of stress to try doing housework every day. "While washing something," she says, "you can imagine(想象) you're washing away some trouble in your life."
Do people all agree with her idea? Here are some ideas about it.
"Housework is the main reason for the stress in my life," says Linda in France. "Get me out of doing the housework and then I'll really be relaxed."
Gary is a single (單身的) father. "So, a man pays a psychologist $200 an hour for his problem about stress. However, he is just told to go back home and do some housework. I really don't know who is crazier, the psychologist or the man!
【小題1】What does Carol Clark advise people under stress to do?
| A．To take some medicine. | B．To call on a psychologist. |
| C．To be as tidy as possible. | D．To do some housework. |
| A．relaxed | B．under much stress |
| C．helpful | D．in a healthy state |
| A．People have more and more stress. |
| B．Some people have different ideas from Carol Clark's. |
| C．Doing housework isn't helpful in dealing with stress. |
| D．Most people have to do too much housework. |
| A．Work and Life | B．The Reason for Stress |
| C．Housework and Stress | D．A Successful Psychologist |
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科目：初中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Last year, some groups of students in their community made a survey (調查) about “How do people spend their free time? ” The following diagrams(圖表) show some results（結果） of it:
Diagram (1): Hours for people of different ages who search the Internet in a week.
 |
【小題1】People aged spend the most time searching the Internet every week.| A．7-16 | B．17-30 |
| C．31-55 | D．over 56 |
【小題2】How many people go to the library on Monday?| A．About 20% | B．About 60% |
| C．Over 80% | D．More than 40% |
【小題3】Which program do people like best?| A．Cartoons | B．Sports |
| C．News | D．Music |
【小題4】The three diagrams show us the results of a survey about .| A．what people do every day | B．people’s different habits |
| C．people’s different lifestyles | D．how people spend their free time |
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