Question

 Life is full of surprises and you never know how things will turn out.

  Sir John Gurdon is a good example of this. As a boy,he was told he was hopeless in science and finished bottom of his class. However,aged 79,the very same Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell (干細(xì)胞) researcher Shiny a Yamanaka.

  Like so many scientists,Gurdon shows us where the power of curiosity and perseverance (堅(jiān)持不懈) can lead.

  At the age of 15 in 1948,Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys at his high school in Biology and every other science subject. Gurdon's high school science teacher even said that his dream of becoming a scientist was quite ridiculous.

  In spite of his teacher's criticism,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard. He went to the lab earlier and left later than anyone else. He experienced thousands of failures.

  "My own belief is that we will,in the end,understand everything about how cells actually work," said Gurdon.'

  In 1962,Gurdon took a cell from an adult frog and moved its genetic (基因的) information into an egg cell. The egg cell then grew into a clone (克隆) of the adult frog. This technique later helped to create the sheep Dolly in 1996,the first cloned mammal（哺乳動(dòng)物) in the world.

  In 2006,Gurdon's work was developed by Yamanaka to show that a sample of a person's skin can be used to create stem cells. Using this technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

  "Luck favors the prepared mind," Gurdon told the Nobel Prize Organization. "Ninety percent of the time things don't work,but when they do,you have to seize (抓住) the chance."

(   ) 1. Who won the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine?

   A. Sir John Gurdon.              B. Shinya Yamanaka.

    C. Sir John Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka. D. Gurdon's science teacher.

(   ) 2. In what order do the following things happen?

   a. create the sheep Dolly

   b. take a cell from an adult frog

   c. use a person's skin to create stem cells

   d. move the frog's genetic information into an egg cell

   e. grow into a clone of the adult frog

   A. b,a,c,d,e   B. b,d,e,a,c   C. b,d,a,c,e   D. b,e,d,a,c

(   ) 3. What does the underlined word "ridiculous" mean in Chinese?

   A. 無(wú)知的   B. 無(wú)畏的   C. 荒廢的   D. 荒謬的

(   ) 4. According to the passage,which statement is TRUE?

   A. As a boy? Gurdon was told he was hopeful.

   B. Gurdon ranked first at his high school in Biology.

   C. It's impossible for the doctors to repair a patient's heart after a heart attack.

   D. In spite of his teacher's criticism,Gurdon kept working hard.

(   ) 5. What's the main idea of the passage?

   A. 90% of the time things don't work. B. Luck favours the prepared mind.

   C. Life is full of surprises.      D. How cells actually work.

Answer 1

1. C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題目中的關(guān)鍵詞2012 Nobel Prizein Medicme ,可回原文定位于第二段。根據(jù)"...Gurdon shared the 2012 Nobel Prize in Medicine with Japanese stem cell researcher Shinya Yamanaka."可知,Sir John Gurdon和Shinya Yamanaka共同獲得諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎(jiǎng)。

2. B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題目中的關(guān)鍵詞In what order,可回原文定位于第七、八段。正確的順序是：take a cell from an adult frog→move the frog's genetic information into an egg cell?→grow into a clone of the adult frog→create the sheep Dolly → use a person's skin to create stem cells。

3. D詞義猜測(cè)題。由題目中的關(guān)鍵詞ridiculous,可回原文定位于第四段。根據(jù)"Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys"可以判斷，這與成為一個(gè)科學(xué)家的夢(mèng)想差距太大。ridiculous意為"荒謬的，可笑的"。

4. D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句"In spite of his teacher's criticism,Gurdon followed his curiosity and kept working hard."可知，不在意老師的批評(píng)， Gurdon仍然繼續(xù)努力。根據(jù)第二段第二句"As a boy,he was told he was hopeless in science and finished bottom of his class."可知，他被告訴他在科學(xué)方面沒(méi)有希望，排除A;根據(jù)第四段第一句"At the age of 15 in 1948.Gurdon ranked last out of the 250 boys..."可知，他是最后一名，排除B;根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句"Using this technique,doctors can repair a patient's heart after a heart attack."可知，修復(fù)心臟是可能的，排除C.

5. B主旨大意題。文章通過(guò)Gurdon的故事說(shuō)明了幸運(yùn)總是光臨有準(zhǔn)備的頭腦。