Many companies use guards and expensive alarm systems to protect their property(財產)。 Soon a new kind of protection will be used- robots. Engineers have been working on the first mobile robots for businesses. The robots will patrol(巡邏) factories, warehoues(倉庫)，and museums at night.
The mobile robots will move around slowly on wheels. They will be able to detect people through walls and pick up sounds, such as breaking glass. They can be fixed with lound sirens(警笛) to frighten thieves, or radios to signal police or guards.
To protect a building, a robot will have to move around without knocking into the walls. Information about the building will have to be stored in the robot’s small, built-in computer. A floor map could be programmed into the computer’s memory, for example.
A mobile robot will not be able to do everything. Unlike human guards, it will not be able to climb stairs, open doors, or move along rough ground. It won’t be able to tell the difference between friends and enemies. Because of that, people will have to be barred from the area it patrols.
One kind of mobile robot will be able to “sense” whether a chair or box has been moved and go around it. This robot will also judge size well enough so that it won’t send an alam if a cat crosses the room. And if someone tries to steal this robot, it will sound a loud, painful siren. The three-foot-tall robot will be hard to steal anyway. It will weigh about 200 pounds.
U.S companies pay almost $10 billion a year to protect their property with alarm systems and human guards. Mobile robots may be cheaper.
【小題1】Why is the new kind of robots called mobile robots?
| A．Because they are able to climb stairs. | B．Because they are able to send an alarm |
| C．Because they can open doors. | D．Because they can move around slowly on wheels |
| A．From a human guard . | B．From a built- in computer. |
| C．From another robot . | D．From radio signals. |
| A．protected | B．allowed . | C．marked | D．prevented |
| A．sense whether something has been moved. | B．sense a cat crossing the room. |
| C．move over rough ground . | D．detect people through walls. |
| A．protect the museum | B．set off a siren . |
| C．judge the size of a person. | D．patrol buildings. |
DBDCD
解析1．細節題：從第二段的句子：The mobile robots will move around slowly on wheels.可知這種機器人可以再輪子上移動，所以是移動機器人。選D。
2． 細節題：從第二段的句子：Information about the building will have to be stored in the robot’s small, built-in computer.可知因為有內置的電腦，機器人可以知道方向，答案是B。
3． 猜詞題：從前面的句子：It won’t be able to tell the difference between friends and enemies. 可知人們被阻止進入機器人巡邏的地方。選D
4． 細節題：從第三段的句子：it will not be able to climb stairs, open doors, or move along rough ground. 可知機器人不能在不平的地面上移動。選C。
5． 主旨題：從第一段的句子：The robots will patrol(巡邏) factories, warehoues(倉庫)，and museums at night.可知這篇文章講的是機器人如何巡邏大樓。選D。
科目：初中英語 來源：2012屆重慶萬州巖口復興學校初三下學期第一次月考英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Dinner customs are different around the world. If you are a guest in Ghana( 加納), this information will help you a lot.
In Ghana, dinner is usually from four in the afternoon to six in the evening. But there are no strict rules about time. Whenever a guest arrives, a family offers food. When you go to a home, the person who receives guests takes you to the living room first. At this time everyone welcomes you. Then you go to the dinning room. There you wash your hands in a bowl of water. All the food is on the table.
In Ghana you usually eat with your fingers. You eat from the same dish as everyone else .But you eat from one side of the dish only. It is not polite to get food from the other side of the dish. After dinner, you wash your hands again in a bowl of water.
Most meals in Ghana have a dish called fufu. People in Ghana make fufu from the powder(粉末) of some plants. Sometimes they cut the fufu with a saw(鋸子) because it is very hard. You must chew(咀嚼) fufu well, or you may get sick. You eat fufu with the fingers of your right hand only.
【小題1】From the passage we know that in Ghana ______________.
| A．the rules for dinner time are not strict |
| B．dinner is always at six in the evening |
| C．a family offers food only at four in the afternoon |
| D．people usually invite their guests to dinner late in the evening |
| A．from one side of a dish to the other |
| B．from the other side of the dish |
| C．with their fingers |
| D．with their spoons |
| A．are cooked with the powder of some plants |
| B．have fufu in them |
| C．are too hard to eat |
| D．are not very hard |
| A．cut it with a saw |
| B．use your right hand only |
| C．chew it well |
| D．all of the above |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2010年臺灣省第一次國民中學學生基本學力測試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
| Can the Time Go Slower? by Joanna Pitt Can the time go slower? I’m still thinking of The answers. Can the time go slower? My head is not Yet clear. Can the time go slower? For me the rules of math are Too hard to remember. Can the time go slower? My grade is what my father Really cares about. So can the time go slower? My dear teacher, I don’t want to run behind others. Oh NO! There are still lots of questions To be answered! 【小題1】 What is the reading about?
|
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科目：初中英語 來源：2010-2011學年江蘇省連云港市灌南縣新集中學九年級第一次模擬考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Height is just one of the thousands of features your genes decide. In fact, because you have two parents, your genes provide you a height that usually lands somewhere between the height of each parent. If both your parents are tall, then most probably you will be tall, too, but if you have questions about how tall you’re going to be, ask your doctor if he or she can help you find it out.
But genes don’t decide everything. For example, eating an unhealthy diet can keep you from growing to your full potential(潛力). Getting plenty of sleep and enough exercise will help you grow to the expected height.
No doubt you’re wondering how fast you should grow. It depends. There’s no perfect or right answer. Generally speaking, kids grow about 2 inches (6 centimeters) a year between age 3 and the time when they start puberty (when your body starts changing and becoming more grown up).
Your doctor will know how your growth has been going over the years. Two centimeters here and 2 inches there are not nearly as important as the height you’re at now, how you’ve been growing up to this point, and what other changes your body may be going through.
Don’t be scared if you seem to have grown a lot in a very short time. Everyone has a growth spurt（高峰）during puberty. The age for starting puberty is about 10 for girls and about 11 for boys. But it can be earlier or later ----between 7 and 13 for girls and 9 and 15 for boys.
You’ll usually begin to notice that you’re growing faster about a year or so after your body starts to show the first changes of puberty.
【小題1】. The Chinese for the word “puberty” is .
| A．童年時期 | B．嬰幼兒時期 | C．習慣養成期 | D．生長發育期 |
| A．you should have enough exercise | B．you can ask doctors for help |
| C．you should save the environment | D．You can record your growth during puberty |
| A．how the genes work in your body | B．when is the time you grow fast |
| C．why you look like your parents | D．how you grow to a certain height |
| A．how good it is to be a doctor | B．how much sleep time we need |
| C．why genes can’t decide everything | D．what healthy diet is |
| A．Your height most probably depends on how high your parents are. |
| B．Girls’ age for starting puberty is usually earlier than that for boys’. |
| C．The time showing the first changes of puberty is never noticed. |
| D．You may be scared sometimes when you grow too fast. |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2011屆北京市豐臺區中考一模英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解
When you are learning English, you find it not clever to put an English sentence, word for word, into your own language. Take the sentence "How do you do?" as an example. If you look up each word in the dictionary, one at a time, what is your translation (翻譯)? It must be a wrong sentence in your own language.
Languages do not just have different sounds, they are different in many ways. It’s important to master(掌握) the rules(規則) for word order (順序) in the study of English, too. If the speaker puts words in a wrong order, the listener can’t understand the speaker’s sentence easily.Sometimes when the order of words in an English sentence is changed, the meaning of the sentence changes. But sometimes the order is changed, the meaning of the sentence doesn’t change.
Let’s see the difference between the two sentences:"She only likes apples. " "Only she likes apples. "
When you are learning English, you must use it as the English speaker does.
【小題1】From the passage we know that _______when we are learning English.
| A．we shouldn’t put every word into our own language |
| B．we should look up (查閱) every word in the dictionary |
| C．we need to put every word into our own language |
| D．we must read word by word |
| A．difficult to understand different sounds |
| B．possible to remember the word order |
| C．important to master the rules in different ways |
| D．easy to master the rules for word order |
| A．the meaning of an English sentence always changes with the order of the words |
| B．the order of words can never change the meaning of an English sentence |
| C．sometimes different order of words has a different meaning |
| D．if the order of words is different, the meaning of the sentence must be different |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2011廣東省深圳市初中畢業生學業考試英語模擬試卷（2） 題型：閱讀理解
Reading is a good habit, but the problem is there’s too much to read these days and too little time to read every word of it. There are hundreds of skills to help you read more in less time. Here are two skills that I think are especially good.
Preview — if it’s long and hard. Previewing is especially useful for getting a general idea of heavy reading like long magazine articles and business reports.
Here’s how to preview.
Read the first two paragraphs and the last two paragraphs carefully.
Then read only the first sentence of the other paragraphs.
Previewing doesn’t give you all the details. It keeps you from spending time on things you don’t really want － or need － or read.
Skim － if it’s short and simple. Skimming is a good way to get a general idea of light reading like popular magazines or the sports and entertainment of your daily paper.
Here’s how to skim.
Get your eyes to move fast. Sweep them across each line.
Pick up only a few key words in each line.
Everybody skims differently. You and I may not pick up the same words when we skim the same piece, but we’ll get a similar idea of what it’s all about.
【小題1】 How many skills does the writer introduce to help us in reading?
| A．One. | B．Two. | C．Three. | D．Four. |
| A．Read every word of it. | B．Read all the details. |
| C．Pick up a few key words in each line. | |
| D．Read the first and the last two paragraphs carefully. |
| A．Previewing. | B．Skimming. | C．Reading. | D．Sweeping. |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2011年四川省涼山市中考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Is it a tree? Is it a bear? If you’re looking at a tree in the shape of a bear, it’s a topiary(林木雕塑). A topiary is a tree or a bush(灌木) that is trained into a shape. Growing a topiary garden takes both time and skills. 
A topiary gardener should make a drawing first. The drawing shows the final shape that the gardener likes. The gardener then chooses a bush for the topiary. It may be one that just planted or one that is already in place.
In June of the plant’s first year, the gardener looks for new leaves. When the leaves grow, it’s time to shape(給……造型) the bottom of the bush. It needs about five years. The top is not trimmed during this time. In the fifth year, the bush grows tall enough for shaping. Then the gardener begins to shape the whole bush.
Once a topiary has been starte
d, it needs care all year. In the summer it must be cut many times to keep its shape. This cutting also helps the bush grow. In the winter the bushes don’t grow. The gardeners have to brush snow of the plants, or snow may hurt some parts of them.
Topiary gardening is very old art. The Romans did it in the first Century. In the sixteenth century, people in Europe like topiaries too. By the late 1600s, topiaries were also grown in America. Today it’s popular in many parts of the world.
【小題1】 Put the following in the right order according to the passage.
a. The gardener chooses a bush for the topiary.
b. The whole bush grows tall enough for shaping.
c. The gardener begins to shape the bottom of the bush.
d. The gardener draws the shape of a topiary.
| A．d→a→b→c | B．b→c→a→d | C．a→d→c→b | D．d→a→c→b |
| A．In Rome. | B．In Europe. | C．In America. | D．In Africa. |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2011年江蘇省南京市建鄴區中考英語一模試卷 題型：閱讀理解
Have you ever heard of a famous charity called Operation Smile? We hope we can help you understand how we are trying to help children all over the world. 
Operation Smile was started by a doctor and his wife. In 1982, together with some volunteers, they went to Philippines to help children who had holes in their lips or inside their mouths. It was very difficult for them to eat and drink. These volunteers worked very hard. But they worried that they could not carry on with the work because they were short of money. Then they decided to start a charity so that they could help these needy children. They called it Operation Smile.
Operation Smile works in more than twenty developing countries and has cured over 10,000 children who have problems with their mouths. Operation Smile has won many prizes for its work and in 1999 they even started a special event called“The World Journey of Hope”. 5,000 children in 18 countries are cured during the event.
On the other hand, Operation Smile trains local doctors and nurses in developing countries so that they can continue to help children when Operation Smile has left. As to the children with much more serious problems, they will send them to America for further treatment.
So show your kindness and generosity to the needy children now. You can send your donation to Operation Smile at local banks. Many thanks from the children who can smile now will come to you.
【小題1】Operation Smile is a famous _____, which was started by a doctor and his wife.
| A．school | B．charity | C．building | D．person |
| A．curing the children who have problems with their mouths |
| B．helping poor children go back to school |
| C．helping blind children to see again |
| D．offering houses to homeless children |
| A．there were no more volunteers |
| B．they went to America for further study |
| C．they didn’t have enough money |
| D．the doctors were too busy |
| A．To donate money at local banks. |
| B．To be a volunteer in Philippines. |
| C．To send cards to the needy children. |
| D．To be a doctor of Operation Smile. |
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科目：初中英語 來源：2011-2012學年北京市師大附中初二上學期期末考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解
The Clockwork Radio
The British inventor Trevor Baylis created this really clever ′wind-up radio′ for people from Third World countries. in some parts of the Third World countries, it’s very hard for people to get or pay for enough energy. This radio uses no batteries (電池) and does not need any electricity to run it. A clockwork generator (發電機) is put inside the radio and works as the power. When it is fully wound up (上弦), the radio can work for long periods.
The clock work product is not a new invention. The Victorians had already put it in wide use. We may find them used in toys as well. Then what is new about this clockwork radio? Baylis has used this simple but effective (高效的) way of creating electricity to both help the people of the Third World and to develop a product which is selling well in Western Europe.
Even former President of South Africa, Nelson Mandella has one of these radios and personally recommends this product to others.
【小題1】What does the clockwork radio use to run it?
| A．Batteries. | B．Electricity. |
| C．A clockwork generator. | D．Wind power. |
| A．the rich countries | B．the poor countries |
| C．Western European | D．Victorian countries |
| A．the clockwork radio can work for only a short period of time. |
| B．Trevor Baylis created the world’s first clockwork product. |
| C．The clockwise radio is also a toy for people of the Third World. |
| D．Nelson Mandella owns one of the clockwork radios. |
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