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閱讀下面的文言文，完成小題。 （每小題3分，共9分）
①秦王謂唐雎曰：“寡人以五百里之地易安陵，安陵君不聽寡人，何也？且秦滅韓亡魏，而君以五十里之地存者，以君為長者，故不錯意也。今吾以十倍之地，請廣于君，而君逆寡人者，輕寡人與？”唐雎對曰：“否，非若是也。安陵君受地于先王而守之，雖千里不敢易也，豈直五百里哉?”
②秦王怫然怒，謂唐雎曰：“公亦嘗聞天子之怒乎？”唐雎對曰：“臣未嘗聞也”秦王曰：“天子之怒，伏尸百萬，流血千里。”唐雎曰：“大王嘗聞布衣之怒乎？”秦王曰：“布衣之怒，亦免冠徒跣，以頭搶地耳。”唐雎曰：“此庸夫之怒也，非士之怒也。夫專諸之刺王僚也，彗星襲月；聶政之刺韓傀也，白虹貫日；要離之刺慶忌也，倉鷹擊于殿上，此三子者，皆布衣之士也，懷怒未發，休祲降于天，與臣而將四矣。若士必怒，伏尸二人，流血五步，天下縞素，今日是也。”挺劍而起。
③秦王色撓，長跪而謝之曰：“先生坐！何至于此！寡人諭矣：夫韓、魏滅亡，而安陵以五十里之地存者，徒以有先生也！”
【小題1】．對下列語句中加點詞語的解釋，不正確的一項是

A．請廣于君廣：擴充

B．今日是也是：判斷動詞：是

C．秦王色撓撓：屈服

D．長跪而謝之謝：道歉

【小題2】．下列句子中劃線詞的意義相同的一組是

A．皆布衣之士也孤之有孔明

B．休祲降于天曹操比于袁紹

C．長跪而謝之國險而民附

D．徒以有先生也是以先帝簡拔以遺陛下

【小題3】．下列對選文的理解和分析，不正確的一項是

A．選文主要寫了唐雎同秦王進行針鋒相對斗爭的過程，以及斗爭的結局。

B．第①段寫唐雎堅決抵制秦王的騙局，斷然拒絕“易地”，這是雙方斗爭的高潮部分。

C．選文主要通過繪聲繪色的“對話”來塑造唐雎和秦王的形象，鮮明地表現了人物各自的性格特點。

D．在這場矛盾沖突中，秦王驕橫狂暴、陰險狡詐，而唐雎表現得正氣凜然、不畏強暴。

【小題4】．把文言文閱讀材料中畫橫線的句子翻譯為現代漢語。（4分）
（1）而君以五十里之地存者，以君為長者，故不錯意也。（2分）
（2）懷怒未發，休祲降于天，與臣而將四矣（2分）

2008夏季，第29屆奧運會將在北京舉行．為辦好這屆奧運會，北京奧組委提出了“綠色奧運，科技奧運，人文奧運”的理念．“綠色奧運”將成為北京奧運會的一大特色．
①能源環保方面的綠色：
a、北京奧運會火炬燃料選擇了丙烷（C₃H₈），其燃燒過程中不易產生黑煙．符合“綠色奧運”的主題．寫出丙烷燃燒的化學方程式：；
b、三聚氰酸C₃N₃（OH）₃可用于消除汽車尾氣中的氮氧化物（如NO₂）．當加熱至一定溫度時，三聚氰酸將分解生成HNCO（異氰酸，其中N為-3價），HNCO能和NO₂在受熱時能反應生成N₂、CO₂和H₂O．
請完成上述兩個反應的化學方程式：、HNCO+6NO₂?7N₂+CO₂+H₂O（填寫化學計量數，共1分）；
c、在奧運場館周圍，分布著一些奇怪的廁所--便池里面一堆泡沫，不需要水沖洗．這樣的廁所有什么實際意義？；
②運動營養補劑方面的綠色：諾龍是一種常見的興奮劑，化學式是C₁₈H₂₆O₂，它可以起到增加肌肉強度和豐滿度的效果．則：
a、諾龍分子中，C、H、O原子個數比為；
b、g丙烷（C₃H₈）中所含碳元素質量和54.8g諾龍中所含碳元素質量相等．
③人文奧運：
北京奧組委為體操運動員提供了優質的“鎂粉”，以增加摩擦力．已知“鎂粉”是一種含鎂的化合物，且能和鹽酸反應生成CO₂，該“鎂粉”可能是（填化學式）．

第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題，共40分）
第一節（共15題, 每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A,B,C和D）中，選出最佳選項。                              
A
What secret force drives us into the arms of one person, while pushing us away from another who might appear equally desirable to any fair observer? Of the many factors influencing our idea of the perfect mate, one of the most telling is our “lovemap” ---- a group of messages formed in our brains that describes our likes and dislikes．It shows our preferences in hair and eye color, in voice, smell, body build．It also records the kind of personality that attracts us, whether it’s the warm and friendly type or the strong silent type．In short, we fall for and go after those people who most clearly fit our lovemap．And this lovemap is determined in childhood．By age eight, the pattern for our ideal mate has already begun to float around in our brains．
The mother has special influence on her sons: she not only gives them clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also influences how they feel about women in general．So if she is warm and nice, her sons are going to think that’s the way women are．They will likely grow up warm and responsive lovers and also be helpful around the house．
Just as mothers influence their son’s general feelings toward women, fathers influence their daughter’s general feelings about men．If a father lavishes praise on his daughter and shows that she is a worthwhile person, she’ll feel very good about herself in relation to men．But if the father is cold, critical or absent, the daughter will tend to feel she’s not very lovable or attractive．
While the mother determines in large part what qualities attract us in a mate, it’s the father ----- the first male in our lives ----- who influences how we relate to the opposite sex．Fathers have a great effect on their children’s personalities and chances or marriage happiness．
56．What is the proper title for this passage?
A．Why we love who we love           B．What is a lovemap
C．Different influence from parents        D．Ideal mate in the mind
57．A perfect mate is a person who ____．
A．is fair to everyone               B．is the most desirable
C．fits one’s lovemap               D．is perfect in everything
58．If the husband hardly does any housework, ____．
A．his mother must be warm             B．his father must be critical
C．his mother must be cold               D．his wife can’t be attractive
59．The passage leads to a belief that ____．
A．parents’ personalities decides the children’s lovemap
B．mothers have no influence on daughters’ marriage life
C．fathers care more about children’s marriage happiness
D．mothers influence children’s choices of perfect mates

（本題包括1小題，共12分）

27.（11分）四硫化鈉（Na₂S₄）固體可替代紅磷測定空氣中氧氣的體積分數，反應原理為：2 Na₂S₄ + O₂ + 2H₂O = 8S↓+ 4 NaOH。

【實驗資料】

①四硫化鈉（Na₂S₄）的相對分子質量為         ，其中硫元素的質量分數為        （結果精確到0.1%）。

②四硫化鈉受熱時，會與空氣中的水蒸氣反應，生成少量有毒氣體硫化氫。

③NaOH溶液呈堿性，可吸收硫化氫、二氧化碳、二氧化硫等酸性氣體

④硫代硫酸鈉（Na₂S₂O₃）可溶于水，常溫下與NaOH溶液不反應。

【實驗過程】

①取碳酸鈉、 硫粉混合后置于試管中，加熱（如圖1所示，夾持裝置已略去），制得Na₂S₄，反應為4Na₂CO₃ + 12S + X 2 Na₂S₄+ 2 Na₂S₂O₃ + 4CO₂，X 的化學式為       ，蘸有濃NaOH 溶液的棉花的作用是                                                   。

②冷卻后，取下棉花，放置一段時間，再向該試管中加入10ml水，迅速塞緊橡膠塞，充分振蕩，測量液面至橡膠塞下沿的距離，記錄數據h1（如圖2所示）

③將該試管插入水中（如圖3所求），取下橡膠塞，觀察到                            

                                                          ，塞緊橡膠塞。將試管取出，倒過來，測量液面至橡膠塞下沿的距離，記錄數據h2，理論上h1:h2＝         

④按照①～③再重復實驗2次．3次實驗數據如下表所示。

	第1次	第2次	第3次
h1/cm	11.2	11.4	11.6
h2/cm	8.9	9.1	9.2

 

【解釋與結論】根據第1次實驗數據，計算空氣中氧氣的體積分數為       （結果精確到0.1%）。

【反思與評價】(1)若實驗過程②中，取下棉花后，未放置一段時間即進行后續操作，會影響測定結果，請說明有何影響，并闡述理由：                               。（2分）

 （2）若要保證實驗的效果，至少需要生成四硫化鈉（Na₂S₄）0.174g ,則理論上實驗時至少取碳酸鈉粉末     克？寫出計算過程（2分）

 

第三部分：閱讀理解（共20小題，共40分）
第一節（共15題, 每小題2分，滿分30分）
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A,B,C和D）中，選出最佳選項。                              
A
What secret force drives us into the arms of one person, while pushing us away from another who might appear equally desirable to any fair observer? Of the many factors influencing our idea of the perfect mate, one of the most telling is our “lovemap” ---- a group of messages formed in our brains that describes our likes and dislikes．It shows our preferences in hair and eye color, in voice, smell, body build．It also records the kind of personality that attracts us, whether it’s the warm and friendly type or the strong silent type．In short, we fall for and go after those people who most clearly fit our lovemap．And this lovemap is determined in childhood．By age eight, the pattern for our ideal mate has already begun to float around in our brains．
The mother has special influence on her sons: she not only gives them clues to what they will find attractive in a mate, but also influences how they feel about women in general．So if she is warm and nice, her sons are going to think that’s the way women are．They will likely grow up warm and responsive lovers and also be helpful around the house．
Just as mothers influence their son’s general feelings toward women, fathers influence their daughter’s general feelings about men．If a father lavishes praise on his daughter and shows that she is a worthwhile person, she’ll feel very good about herself in relation to men．But if the father is cold, critical or absent, the daughter will tend to feel she’s not very lovable or attractive．
While the mother determines in large part what qualities attract us in a mate, it’s the father ----- the first male in our lives ----- who influences how we relate to the opposite sex．Fathers have a great effect on their children’s personalities and chances or marriage happiness．
56．What is the proper title for this passage?
A．Why we love who we love           B．What is a lovemap
C．Different influence from parents        D．Ideal mate in the mind
57．A perfect mate is a person who ____．
A．is fair to everyone               B．is the most desirable
C．fits one’s lovemap               D．is perfect in everything
58．If the husband hardly does any housework, ____．
A．his mother must be warm             B．his father must be critical
C．his mother must be cold               D．his wife can’t be attractive
59．The passage leads to a belief that ____．
A．parents’ personalities decides the children’s lovemap
B．mothers have no influence on daughters’ marriage life
C．fathers care more about children’s marriage happiness
D．mothers influence children’s choices of perfect mates