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Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.

For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would take someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鵝圈養地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.

Now, think about a second example. The effect is a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺負) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!

Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange. Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking. What’s the cause end effect, could you tell?

根據材料內容選擇最佳答案，并將其標號填入題前括號內。

1.According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?

A．Someone puts on a heavy jacket.

B．Someone works in the penguin pen.

C．Someone will go outside into cold weather.

D．Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.

2.Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. Which of the following isn’t the possible cause?

A．He bullied another student.               B．He is going shopping.

C．His is being picking up early.               D．He is being given a prize.

3.What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?

A．He was going outside.                    B．He was reading a story.

C．He was sleepwalking.                     D．He was looking for his dad.

4.Which of the following is cause and effect?

A．Tony got up and had a glass of water.

B．We came home and found him sleeping.

C．The ball was lost and a window was broken.

D．Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.

5.What is the best title for the next?

A．Truth and lies                          B．Work and sleep

C．Cause and effect                        D．Life and dreams

配對閱讀  左欄是五位病人的健康問題，右欄是七位專科醫生的簡介。請根據五位病人的健康問題為他們選出最合適的專科醫生診病，并將答題卡上對應題目所選的選項涂黑。

1.Bob is often late for school because he always gets up late. This makes his teacher mad. He needs to buy something to wake him up in the morning.

2.Tim likes listening to music when he is free. And he has to send e-mails to his customers(顧客）every day. He wants to buy something that can help him.

3.Summer has come. Tony is fat and he can’t sleep well on such hot days. This troubles him a lot. He’d like to buy something to make him feel cool.

4.Alice often washes her hair late at night. It is often wet when she goes to bed. She is going to buy something that can dry her hair in a short time.

5.Susan is a housewife. She has to do the washing for her family every day. She gets tired of it. She is in need of a product to do it for her.

       A.This electric product can make you cool during the hot days. It can help you change the temperature and control the humidity(濕度） of your room.

B.You can do many things with this product, such as sending e-mails, playing games, getting on line and so on. You can also listen to the music with it when you want to relax.

C.This electric product is useful to all of us. People often have one at home. It is often put up on the wall. If you want to know the time, just take a look at it.

D. This can help you wash your dirty clothes and dry them. What you need to do is to return it on and later hang the clothes on the line. With this electric product, life will be a lot easier for you.

E. Each family needs this product. You can use it to store meat, vegetables, fruits, drinks and medicine. It can keep them cool and fresh so that they will not go bad easily on hot days.

F. It is a very helpful product which tells you the time. It can wake you up with a piece of music any time you want, but you have to set the time first.

G. When you wash your hair, you need this product. It can make your wet hair dry in a minute. It can also be used for drying your wet clothes or some other wet things.