題目列表(包括答案和解析)
| Communication Principles How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate. " Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he( or she) is the center". Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them. But every day we experience the centrality of ourselves in communication. A student, for instance, may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment: "I know my teacher doesn't like the fact that I don't agree with his opinions , and that is why he gave me such a poor grade in that class. " The teacher might say the opposite. Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person's view is wrong. The concept of self originates in communication. Through verbal and nonverbal symbols,a child leams to accept roles in response to the expectations of others. You establish self-image, the sort of person you believe you are, by how others think of you. Positive, negative,and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are. Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process. Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people. In a more obvious way,communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share. So, the communication begins with the self, as defined largely by others, and involves others , as defined largely by the self. Communication occurs almost every minute of your life. If you are not communicating with yourself ( thinking, planning, reacting to the world around you), you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior. Even if the other person did not intend a message for you, you gather observations and draw specific conclusions. A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message. A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you. A third person smile ( perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you lieve that he is attracted to you. We are continually picking up meanings from others' behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them. More often than not, you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement. You may have made a joke out of your rude statement. Nonetheless, your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind. You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others. Communication cannot be reversed(倒退) ,nor can it be repeated. When you tried to re-create the atmosphere , the conversation , and the setting, nothing seemed right. Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results.
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| 任務型閱讀。請認真閱讀下列短文，并根據所讀內容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一個最恰當的單詞。 注意：每個空格只填1個單詞。 | ||||||||||
| Communication Principles How you see yourself can make a great difference in how you communicate. "Every individual exists in a continually changing world of experience of which he (or she) is the center". Many communication scholars and social scientists believe that people are products of how others treat them and of the messages others send them. But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication. A student, for instance, may describe a conflict with a teacher as unfair treatment:"I know my teacher doesn't like the fact that I don't agree with his opinions and that's why he gave me such a poor grade in that class. "The teacher might say the opposite. Each person may believe that he is correct and that the other person's view is wrong. The concept of self originates in communication. Through verbal and nonverbal symbols, a child learns to accept roles in response to the expectations of others. You establish self-image. The sort of person you believe you are, by how others think of you. Positive, negative, and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are. Communication itself is probably best understood as a dialogue process. Our understanding of communication comes from our interactions with other people. In a more obvious way, communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share. So,the communication begins with the self, as defined largely by others,and involves others, as defined largely by the self. Communication occurs almost every minute of your life. If you are not communicating with yourself (thinking, planning, reacting to the world around you), you are observing others and drawing inferences from their behavior. Even if the other person did not intend a message for you, you gather observations and draw specific conclusions. A person yawns and you believe that person is bored with your message. A second person looks away from you and you conclude that person is not listening to you. A third person smiles (perhaps because of a memory of a joke he heard recently) and you believe that he is attracted to you. We are continually picking up meanings from others' behaviors and we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them. More often than not, you may have hurt someone accidentally and you may have tried to explain that you did not mean that. You may have told the other person that you were sorry for your statement. You may have made a joke out of your rude statement. Nonetheless, your comment remains both in the mind of the other person and in your own mind. You cannot go back in time and erase your messages to others. Communication cannot be reversed (倒退),n or can it be repeated. When you tried to re-create the atmosphere, the conversation,and the setting, nothing seemed right. Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results. | ||||||||||
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| 完形填空。 | ||||
| "A DVD retails (零售) for $10 or more. Out of that, we writers get four or five cents now. We're asking to get eight cents per DVD. The 1 and others say we're asking for too much." That is television writer Saul Bloom's argument as to 2 the Writers Association of America is going on strike. The strike by TV and movie writers will greatly 3 TV and movie production. The last such strike, in 1988, 4 the industry half a billion dollars. That strike lasted five months. All movies that require the 5 of professional writers will stop production. TV networks will have to 6 "reality" shows that don't require professional writers. 7 , of course, there will be plenty of reruns (重播). TV viewers 8 fresh programs might have to switch to cable TV or 9 DVDs. A recent nationwide poll (民意測驗) 10 that the general public strongly supports the writers, who are 11 to be underpaid and unappreciated. "Writers are 12 demanding," complained Reese Majors, vice president of a production company with seven 13 airing weekly on network TV. "They think they are so 14 . All they do is to type a bunch of 15 onto a piece of paper. They think that writing is worff. But how can it be work when it is done in the 16 of their homes? How can you call sitting at home 'work'? The 17 and the crew have to go on location (外景拍攝), where they must 18 the cold, the heat, the jet lag, and the 19 of being away from home No home cooking for them-they have to eat 20 . But you don't hear them asking for four more cents per DVD!" | ||||
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--Can I keep the book any longer?
---Yes, but it _______ be renewed when time is due.
A. shall B. need C. will D. can
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