題目列表(包括答案和解析)
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被動地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers·
Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor（謠言）.
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上標記）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors：A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted（引用）by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
【小題1】According to the passage, passive learning may occur in______________.
| A．doing a medical experiment | B．solving a math problem |
| C．visiting an exhibition | D．doing scientific reasoning |
| A．active learning | B．knowledge |
| C．communication | D．passive learning |
| A．a message may be changed when being passed on |
| B．a message should be delivered in different ways |
| C．people may have problems with their sense of hearing |
| D．people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor |
| A．Active learning is less important. |
| B．Passive learning may not be reliable. |
| C．Active learning occurs more frequently. |
| D．Passive learning is not found among scholars. |
We can achieve knowledge either actively or passively（被動地）. We achieve it actively by direct experience, by testing and proving an idea, or by reasoning.
We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someone else. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and the kind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers or magazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive learning, it’s not surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately, passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hearsay and rumor（謠言）.
Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one person writes down a message but doesn’t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it, word for word, to another person. That person, in turn, whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the people playing the game. The last person writes down the message word for word as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements are compared. Typically, the original message has changed.
That’s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that people repeat a story in their own words changes the story. Then, too, most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creative touch to a story, trying to improve on it, stamping（打上標記）it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know.
This process is also found among scholars and authors: A statement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another, who may in turn be quoted by yet another; and this process may continue, unless it occurs to someone to question the facts on which the original writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts.
1. According to the passage, passive learning may occur in _______.
A. doing a medical experiment B. visiting an exhibition
C. solving a math problem D. doing scientific reasoning
2. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refers to _____.
A. active learning B. knowledge C. passive learning D. communication
3. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that _____.
A. a message may be changed when being passed on
B. a message should be delivered in different ways
C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing
D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor
4. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Active learning is less important.
B. Active learning occurs more frequently.
C. Passive learning may not be reliable.
D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.
We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced，most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage)．At one point，though，instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth)．After a while people became attached to one brand, sales leveled off (stage of maturity)．Sales went into a slight decline (衰退) when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline)．
The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this：Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know，for example，that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?
Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market，such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.
Another product extension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing product quality，features，or styles to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture (奪回)world markets. Note，also，how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.
56. According to the passage，when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product，its sales will_______ .
A. decrease gradually B．become unstable
C. improve enormously D．remain at the same level
57. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is_______ .
A．usually introduced to satisfy different tastes
B．often more expensive than old ones
C．often inferior to old ones at first
D．not easily accepted by the public
58. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to______.
A．work out marketing policies
B．promote its production
C．increase its popularity
D．speed up its life cycle
59. The author mentions the example of “backpacks” to show the importance of_______ .
A．increasing usage among students
B．pleasing the young as well as the old
C．exploring new market sections
D．serving both military and civil needs
60. In order to recover their share of the world market，US auto makers are_______ .
A．improving product quality
B．re-positioning their product in the market
C．modernizing product styles
D．increasing product features
We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as much as "regular" coffee and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).
The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Do you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?
Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.
Another product extension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture（奪回） world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.
46. According to the passage, when people grow accustomed to one particular brand of a product, its sales will ______.
A. decrease gradually B. become unstable
C. improve enormously D. remain at the same level
47. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is _____ .
A. usually introduced to satisfy different tastes
B. often more expensive than old ones
C. often inferior to old ones at first
D. not easily accepted by the public
48. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to _____ .
A. work out marketing policies B. promote its production
C. increase its popularity D. speed up its life cycle
49. The author mentions the example of "backpacks"(Line 4, Para.2 ) to show the importance of _______ .
A. increasing usage among students B. pleasing the young as well as the old
C. exploring new market sections D. serving both military and civil needs
50. In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makers are _______ .
A. improving product feature B. making their products better
C. modernizing product style D. increasing product quantity
1.D。所給單詞中o和D項中o都發[[u],A、B項發[R]，C項發[[].
2.A。所給單詞中的ea發[e]，與A項相同。B、D項發[i:],C項發[ei].
3.D。所給單詞中的n發[N]，與D項相同。其它三項中的n發[n].
4.D。所給單詞中的s發[s]，與D項中的相同。其它三項中的s發[z].
5.A。所給單詞中的u發[Q]，與A項中的相同。其它三項中的u發[u].
6.A。考查冠詞辨析。本句句意：電影《赤壁》，一部以公元208年一場中國水戰為背景的影片，將于
7.D�？疾榍閼B動詞。對“18歲可以開車”是一種客觀要求，故用have to.注意情態動詞must與have to的區別：must表示主觀意愿，而have to則表示客觀實在。
8.C�？疾榻浑H用語。根據上下文語境，兩個人對輕音樂的觀點不一致，一個說令人輕松，另一個說令人入睡。Not me,用來表示“對我來說不是這樣”，相當于It is not true for me.而Bless me則表示吃驚即“我的天啦”；Me, too則表示“對我也是這樣”，Let me see讓我想一想，讓我考慮一下。
9. C�？疾閯釉~辨析。本句句意：中國宇航員翟志剛在星期六下午的太空行走標志著中國航空事業的重大突破。mark標志，成為……的征兆，predict預言，tell告訴，sign簽名，示意。
10.D�？疾橹^語動詞的強調。本句句意：我父母親的確留下了許多食物和錢以確保我不挨餓，因此饑餓是我最不擔心的�？疾閺娬{結構和比較級。句中“do/does/did+動詞原形”表示強調。當謂語動詞表示強調的時候，要特別地注意，可理解中文意思為“的確……”，是強調句結構“It is/was+被強調部分+that/who”中不可以強調謂語動詞的一種補充。
11. D�？疾槊~性從句。本句句意：總經理決定將他認為精力充沛、機敏能干且具有許多優良品質的人放入公司領導層的位置。首先要清楚he thinks是插入語，動詞put后缺賓語，in the position of the leadership of the company.為賓語補足語。A項those who與后面的is主謂不一致；B項缺少關系代詞who，都應排除；C項whoever只可用作句子的賓語，不符句子結構；只有D項whoever可引導名詞性從句，作從句的主語，與is energetic, clever, and has good qualities構成賓語從句，相當于anyone who引導的定語從句。
12.A。考查動詞詞組辨析。本句句意：在國外奮斗的那些年里，朗朗為了成名而努力工作著。take over接受，接管，take up拿起，占據，take in吸收，接受，take on披上，呈現。
13.B�？疾檫B詞的用法。本句句意：我還沒有來得及再說什么，他已經沖出了車站。until直到……才；when和as都表示“當……的時候”。
14.B�？疾榉侵^語動詞。本句句意：――那些坐在教室后面的人能聽到我講話嗎?――沒問題（能聽到）。第一句的主干部分是Can those…hear me?所缺的成分在句子中作后置定語,補全后可變為:Can those who are sitting/seated at the back of the calssroom hear me ? 即可理解為sitting at the back of the calssroom作后置定語修飾其前面的those，如果選D項則須改為seated.
15.C�？疾闀r態語態題。本句句意：一部反映二戰時期抗日題材的電視連續劇正在平壤播放，吸引了很多電視觀眾�！半娨晞〔シ拧憋@然是被動語態，而drawing great attention from viewers.說明，是“正在播放”的劇目吸引了觀眾。故選C。
16. B�？疾樾稳菰~比較級的用法。本句句意：――你覺得這位小盲人歌手如何？――我從未見過有這么好樂感的小歌手。本題用“否定詞+比較級”結構表示“沒有比……更……的”，比較結構后有名詞時，用不定冠詞修飾，表示沒有具體限定的“更……的”，是一種含蓄表達法。
17.C。考查動詞時態的省略。根據語境，Betty沒有來陪我，我已孤單了一整天了。即Betty的行為對現在造成的影響。因此，用But she hasn’t (come round to keep me company.)
18.D。考查定語從句。本句意思：到了中國，你不可能沒有注意到一種“樂觀”態度和一種整體意識，即這是一個向前看的社會。a sense后接同位語從句，而a society后接的是that引導的定語從句，that在從句中充當主語。
19.B。考查名詞辨析。keep pace with與...齊步前進,符合句子意思。而keep terms with sb. 同某人交往,keep touch with與……聯系。無keep progress with搭配。
20.D�？疾檫B詞和副詞。本句句意：這臺新機器，就如報告中所提到的，其工作效率將是以前的兩倍，因此，可以極大地縮短成本。后半句是-ing分詞短語作結果狀語，thus為副詞，符合語境。而so雖然語意正確，但它是連詞，后面須跟帶句子，因此不正確。
21.D�？疾槊~。我要去上班了。根據下文Debbie always worked at night.分析，此處是表明I’m leaving for work.而不可能是去“玩”（play）、“學習”（study）和“比賽”（game）。
22.A�？疾閯用~。你一會兒有空去我家“看看”（check on）我母親好嗎？check on有“查看”之意，符合語境。take on呈現, 具有，put on穿上,裝出，keep on繼續, 穿著。
23.B�？疾槊~。根據上下文判斷，Nan是Debbie的母親。
24.B�？疾閯釉~詞組辨析。黛比覺得把母親一個人放在家里不放心即“擔心”（worry about）。think about考慮,care for 關懷, 照顧,look for尋找。
25.D�？疾閯釉~辨析。黛比問我，要是裝上一種幼兒監控器，在“給”（give）我接上一個接聽器行不行。sell賣，buy買，bring帶來。
26.C。考查形容詞辨析。我“樂”(glad)于助人。sad憂愁的, sorrowful悲傷的, upset心煩的。
27.A。考查名詞辨析。事實上，我都54歲了，已開始懷疑自己還有多少“價值”（value）可言。price價格，money貨幣，service服務。
28.D�？疾樾稳菰~辨析。她像我一樣眼“瞎”（blind）――還耳背。deaf聾的，old老的，wise聰明的，均與語境不符。
29.D�？疾槎陶Z搭配。那天晚上南和我“像往常一樣”（as usual）聊了一陣。long before很早以前,before long不久以后，once again(接著)再一次，均與語境不合。
30.A�？疾閯釉~辨析。在我“離開”（leave）之前，我又檢查了幼兒監控器。stay逗留，talk談話，chat聊天。
31.C�？疾閯釉~搭配。我“拿起”（pick up）拐杖往門外走去。set up建立，put up豎起，take up從事。
32.D�？疾閯釉~辨析。我鎖好門“摸著”（find）路回了家。move移動，push推動，wind繞著，均不合句意。
33.B�？疾楦痹~辨析。幾分鐘“后”（later），我聽到一個聲音。instead相反地，then然后，ago在…之前。
34.B�？疾槊~�！敖勇犉鳌保╮eceiver）上傳來的是南的聲音。Neighbor鄰居，worker工人，speaker說話者，與上文及本句意思不符。
35.A。考查介詞短語。房子“著火了”(on fire)。在結合下文的a heavy, thick smoke.分析，in trouble處在…困境中，in danger危險中，on sale出售，均不合語境。
36.A�？疾楦痹~辨析。我盡可能“快地”（fast）朝黛比家走去。slowly慢地，safely安全地，well好地，均不合句意。
37.D。考查動詞。我能“聞到”（smell）一股濃重的煙味。因為他是盲人，所以不可能“看到”（see），feel感覺，taste品嘗，均不合句意。
38.A�？疾閯釉~辨析。我取出鑰匙，“打開”（unlock）門。shut關，break破，knock敲，均不合句意。
39.C�？疾檫B詞。我輕敲拐杖探路，“直到”（until）找到前門。before在…之前，after在…之后，since因為。
40.D�？疾楝F在分詞辨析。我們摸著路下了臺階，終于“呼吸”(breathe)到了夏日甜美、新鮮的空氣，到了她家的庭院大門。show展現，notice注意，lose丟失，均不合語境。
41.C。事實細節題。根據文章第一段最后兩句She gives me a certain amount of allowance every month, and whenever I buy anything…, I keep track of my receipts and record it in a little notebook..判斷。
42.D。判斷推理題。根據文章最后一段…I am pretty happy with my current situation.判斷。
43.B。詞語猜測題。根據文章最后一段此詞的下文…to survival in the real world, and for that I am grateful.可以得出結論：monetary skills是“重要的”，而不可能是dangerous（危險的），impossible（不可能的），deadly（致死的）。
44. A。主旨大意題。根據文章的第一段的第一句My parents have always raised me to be very money-conscious到第二段的Being in control of my own money..再到最后一段的…all the while earning quite a bit of money, and also learning monetary skills…綜合判斷。
45.B。判斷推理題。與文章第三段中Just think what you could have achieved if you had stayed another two years.吻合。
46.C。事實細節題。與文章第六段中對the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation的解析which focuses on issues including global health and education.吻合。
47.D。細節判斷題。A項與文章第一段第一句吻合，B項與第五段第一句吻合，C項與第一段Microsoft Chairman Bill Gates delivered the commencement address…及第二段等內容相符，D項表述的內容與事實不符，journalist Jim Lehrer是2006年在Harvard發表畢業演講與文章中未曾暗示與Gates有共事的事實。
48.A。判斷推理題。根據最后一段第一句Recent past Harvard commencement speakers.可以判斷：所介紹的這幾位偉人Jim Lehrer, John Lithgow and Kofi Annan都曾在成功后去過Harvard University作過畢業演講。
49.A。主旨大意題。由文章每段的主題句以及文章最后兩段可以判斷,本文談論的主題就是Self-Appreciation.
50.B。詞語猜測題。根據zhuojing一詞下文的解析meaning “my humble wife”以及后面的But if you should call his wife a “rustic woman” …he would make a clean break with you.判斷,zhuojing的意思就是wife low in position.
51.A。歸納推理題。中國古語“老王賣瓜自賣自夸”,其實就是“對待生活和工作的一種自我欣賞的態度”,最后三段就有概括。
52.C。判斷推理題。A項錯誤是因為與第一段第三句不符，B項錯誤是因為與第三段第一句不符，C項正確是與第四段中的But if you should call … or his writings “trash”, he would, I’m sure, slap the table in a rage and declare he would make a clean break with you.吻合，D項錯誤是因為與五、六段不吻合。
53.B。歸納推理題。根據每本書括號中的出版日期和每期的文章摘要判斷。A項錯在不是對每本書的每篇文章的詳細介紹，C項錯在根本沒有偉人的點評，D項錯在并非每本書都是介紹人物，如Time中介紹的就是最佳發明。
54.A。標題概括題。B項是這篇文章的最后部分，C項只是文章所涉及的細節內容，D項談到了邀請50位作家和學者來發表和“尋找英國人的價值觀”。所以文章的標題該是In Search of British Values.
55.C。事實細節題。十月份推出的書可根據Business Week (Oct. 8, 2007)；Prospect (展望) (Oct.20, 2007)；Guardian (Oct.17, 2007)三本判斷。
56.D。事實細節題。根據Guardian上摘要的文章中可以判斷，是Anne Enright贏得了the Man Booker prize.
57.C。判斷推理題。根據第二段的…he designs homes for gorillas, bears, lions, and other zoo animals.以及下文的相關信息詞：The role of a zoo designer…when we're designing homes for them等判斷。
58.B。詞語猜測題。根據第一段以及第二段中的相關信息詞…for gorillas, bears, lions, and other zoo animals.以及第二段最后一句判斷。
59.C。事實細節題。根據文章第五段分析：這種對動物棲息地以及柵欄的關注，是從a female Siberian tiger逃出去傷人開始的。
60.B。間接推理題。根據文章的整體意思判斷：A項錯誤是與文章第一句不吻合，B項正確是與第三段第一句吻合，C項錯誤是與第五段第一句不吻合，D項錯誤是因為與最后一段兩句不吻合。
61.D 62.C 63.F 64.E 65.G
66.equally。本句句意：在他們之間享有均等家務的待遇。用副詞equally修飾動詞share.
67.obvious。本句句意：顯然吸煙太多對你的身體有害。It is obvious that…句式。形容詞obvious作表語。
68.ambition。本句句意：有雄心壯志的人在面對困難時不容易屈服。a strong修飾名詞ambition.
69. translation。本句句意：我讀過英文翻譯版本的《天方夜譚》�！胺g”被an English修飾，故用名詞。
70. promotion。本句句意：廣告是產品推銷的一種方式。推銷即promotion.
71. distinguish。本句句意：如何區分正誤并不總是一件容易的事。動詞區分該用distinguish。
72. deadly。本句句意：去年，他死于一種致命的疾病，這使得我很難過。用形容詞修飾disease.
73. seconds。本句句意：根據說句實話，我不能在十秒鐘內完成
74. easily。本句句意：雖然問題很難，但我能很容易解決。用副詞easily修飾work out.
75. raised。本句句意：看！他們站在操場上，看著國旗冉冉升起�！吧稹迸cnational flag有被動關系，故用raised，且不可用非人力所為的risen.
76.exciting→excited,自己感到興奮。
77.Although→Because或Since或As,根據邏輯關系判斷，不能用表示"雖然"的although.
78.第二個me→ myself, introduce oneself to sb.將自己介紹給某人。
79.去掉with, play computer games表示"玩電腦游戲"，play為及物動詞。
80.Australia→Australian,此處該用形容詞，而不用名詞Australia.
81.第一個big前加a, 即a big country.
82.library→libraries,根據上文的many修飾判斷。
83.which→where,此處該是where引導的狀語從句。
84.spend→spent,強調曾經一起度過的日子，表示"過去"。
85. √
【書面表達】
The Legend of Bruce Lee tells the
story of young Bruce Lee's journey to
Bruce Lee was born in 1940 in San Francisco (U.S.) and passed away in Hong Kong in 1973.His life was short, only 32 years.But he not only achieved great success in Kung Fu, but also a world of contribution―a symbol of martial culture.
Ｉappreciate it that he shows Chinese Gongfu very much!
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