Question

Hospital emergency rooms treat injured fingers all the time. Without treatment, a bad cut can lead to permanent damage. But how should a person know when a bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention? We asked Dr Martin Brown, chairman of the department of emergency medicine at Inova Alexandria Hospital in Virginia.

First, the medical term for a cut or tear in the skin is a laceration(嚴(yán)重劃破，撕裂傷). Dr Brown says the length is usually not as important as the depth. He says a long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep. “If you have a short but deep laceration where there’s been a structure underneath that’s been damaged － a tendon, a nerve, a blood vessel,” says Martin, “it may, in fact, need professional attention.”

Some injuries － like a fingertip that gets cut off  － might even require surgery to repair. That requires a specialist to either file(銼平) down the bone or reattach the fingertip. More often, filing down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful.

How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is. Minor cuts usually produce what is known as venous (靜脈) bleeding. This means the blood flows steadily from the injury. The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound. Dr Brown says in most cases holding direct pressure with clean gauze or a cloth for four to five minutes should stop the bleeding. With a cut finger, holding the hand above the heart can reduce the loss of blood. But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force, this may be a sign of arterial(動脈) bleeding. This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible.

Even a cut that does not require medical attention must be kept clean to prevent infection. Small cuts should be cleaned gently with clean water. Use a washcloth to clean the area if the wound is dirty. Dr Brown says cuts should be covered with a clean, dry bandage.

1.What does the writer want to tell the readers in the first paragraph?

A. Hospital emergency rooms always treat injured fingers.

B.A bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention

C. Dr Martin Brown is in charge of Inova Alexandria Hospital.

D. It is important for us to be able to tell how serious a finger cut is.

2.According to the passage,         .

A .a finger cut without treatment can lead to permanent damage

B. the length of a cut on a finger is more important than the depth

C. a long but not very deep cut often doesn’t need professional attention

D. a short but deep laceration that has been damaged need professional attention.

3.The underlined word “reattach” in Para.3 is closest in meaning to         .

A. repair          B. rebuild       C. reconstruct          D. reconnect

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A .How a wound bleeds can show us how serious the wound could be.

B Venous bleeding will often stop when we put pressure on the wound.

C. Holding up the hand with a finger cut can reduce the loss of blood.

D. Arterial bleeding should get professional treatment as soon as possible

5..The best title of this passage should be         .

A. Hospital Emergency Treatments For Injured Fingers

B. When a Cut Finger Is More Serious Than It Might Seem

C. Serious Finger Cut That Requires Medical Attention

D. Keep Finger Cuts Clean to Prevent Serious Infection

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.D

2.C

3.D

4.C

5.B

【解析】

試題解析：文章敘述的是手指的畫上和撕裂傷不能小視，介紹了應(yīng)該怎樣正確判斷傷情已經(jīng)應(yīng)該怎樣采取治療措施。

1.細(xì)節(jié)推理題。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容：醫(yī)院急診室一直在治療受傷的手指。如果不治療，嚴(yán)重的受傷可以導(dǎo)致永久性的損傷。但如何知道流血嚴(yán)重到需要就醫(yī)呢？得出D正確。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第三句話He says a long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep.得出C正確。

3.詞義猜測題。A. repair 重修 B. rebuild重建 C. reconstruct 重建 D. reconnect重聯(lián)

根據(jù)劃線詞后句More often, filing down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful. 更多的時候，鋸下來骨頭是因為指尖重新接骨往往是不成功的，所以D正確。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is.得出A，第四句The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound，得出B,根據(jù)最后一句But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force, this may be a sign of arterial(動脈) bleeding. This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible.得出D，所以C不符合事實。

5.主旨大意題。通過全文敘述強調(diào)手指割傷的嚴(yán)重程度不能小視，介紹怎樣判斷受傷的的嚴(yán)重程度，得出B正確。

考點：考查社會生活類短文閱讀。