Question

It’s true that quite a few most respected scientific authorities have confirmed that the world is becoming hotter and hotter. There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing. For instance, a 2010 summary about the climate science by the Royal Society noted that: “The global warming over the last half-century has been caused mainly by human activity.”

You may not believe that humans could change the planet’s climate, but the basic science is well understood. Each year, billions of tons of greenhouse gases are released into the atmosphere because of human activity. As has been known for years, these gases hold heat that would otherwise escape to space, wrapping the planet in an invisible (看不見的) blanket.

Of course, the earth’s climate has always been changing due to “natural” factors such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun. According to the scientific research, however, the warming observed by now matches the pattern of warming we would expect from a build-up of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere – not the warming we would expect from other possible causes.

Even if scientists did discover another reasonable explanation for the warming recorded so far, that would give birth to a difficult question. As Robert Henson puts it: “If some newly discovered factor is to blame for the climate change, then why aren’t carbon dioxide and the other greenhouse gases producing the warming that basic physics tells us they should be?”

The only way to prove with 100% certainty that humans are responsible for global warming would be to run an experiment with two identical Earths – one with human influence and one without. That obviously isn’t possible, and so most scientists are careful not to state human influence as an absolute certainty.

1.In most scientists’ opinion, the global warming is mainly caused by ________.

A．solar activity                           B．volcanic activity

C．natural factors                          D．human factors

2.The text is developed by ________.

A．giving typical examples

B．following the order of space

C．analyzing a theory and arguing it

D．comparing and finding differences

3.The underline word “identical” in the last paragraph probably means ________.

A．totally different                         B．exactly the same

C．extremely important                     D．partly independent

4.Which of the following is not the cause of climate change?

A．volcanic eruption

B．cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun

C．changes in solar

D．floods and droughts

5.Which of the following can be the best title?

A．Are All the Scientists Really Scientific?

B．Where Is Global Warming Leading Us to?

C．Are Humans Definitely Causing Global Warming?

D．What’s the Relation of Global Warming and Greenhouse Gases?

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.D

2.C

3.B

4.D

5.C

【解析】

試題分析：文章對人類是否對氣候變暖這一理論進行了論述，表明是否是人類的影響尚且不能定論。

1.細節題。從第一段There’s also strong evidence that humans are contributing to the warming. Countless recent reports have proved the same thing.可知，絕大多數的科學家認為，全球氣候變暖是由于人類的因素。故選D

2.推斷題。文章對首先對一個普遍存在的理論進行分析，再引用一些專家的觀點對這一普遍的理論進行辯論，故選C

3.推斷題。從最后一段可知，如果要分析是否是人類造成的影響需要有兩個完全條件一致的實驗，一個有人類活動的地球，一個是沒有人類活動的地球，對兩個實驗進行參照性的比較，顯然這是不可能的，故選B

4.細節題。從文章第三自然段such as volcanic eruption or changes in solar, or cycles concerning the Earth’s going around the sun.可知，除了D答案外其余的都是氣候變化的原因。

5.主旨題。文章對人類是否對氣候變暖這一理論進行了論述，表明是否是人類的影響尚且不能定論，所以最好的標題是人類一定會造成氣候變暖嗎？故選C

考點：科普類說明文

點評：說明文是高考必考的文章體裁，出題的范圍很廣泛，新型科技類文體是比較受青睞的。學生在解答此類題目時應對整個文章做個大概的了解，對每一段的第一句話迅速的閱讀，進而讀題，在讀題的過程中找出關鍵詞在文章中進行定位，逐一作答。