Question

Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by the shark (鯊魚).
Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms. Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on shark’s ability to sense pressure. If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of sharks to predict bad weather.
Miss Smith had previously studied the behavior of lemon sharks in the Bahamas.
She then used their close relatives, lesser spotted dogfish, for further research at Aberdeen University.
Her work---thought to be the first of its kind to test the pressure theory ---- resulted from the observation that juvenile blacktip sharks off Florida moved into deeper water ahead of a violent storm in 2001.
Miss Smith said: “I’ve always been crazy about traveling and diving and this led me to an interest in sharks.”
“I was delighted to have been able to research in the area for my degree. I know there’s so much more we need to understand ---- but it certainly opens the way to more research.”
It has been discovered that a shark senses pressure using hair cells in its balance system.
At the Bimini Shark Lab in the Bahamas, Miss Smith fixed hi-tech sensors to sharks to record pressure and temperature, while also tracking them using GPS (Global Positioning System) technology.
In Aberdeen, she was able to study the effects of tidal (潮汐的) and temperature changes on dogfish----none of which were harmed. She also used a special lab which can mimic (模擬) oceanic pressure changes caused by weather fronts.
She is due to complete her study and graduate later this year. She says she will be looking for a job which will give her the chance to enrich her experience of shark research.
【小題1】The passage is most probably taken from _______.

A．a short-story collection

B．a popular science magazine

C．a research paper

D．a personal diary

【小題2】What do we learn from the first four paragraphs of the passage?

A．Sharks may be used to predict bad weather.

B．Sharks’ behavior can be controlled.

C．Michael Fish is not fit for his job.

D．Lauren Smith will become a weather forecaster.

【小題3】Lauren Smith conducted her research by _______.

A．removing hair cells from a shark’s balance system

B．measuring the air pressure of weather fronts

C．recording sharks’ body temperature

D．monitoring sharks’ reaction to weather changes

【小題4】What is the passage mainly about?

A．A popular way of forecasting weather.

B．A new research effort in predicting storms.

C．Biologists’ interest in the secrets of sharks.

D．Lauren Smith’s devotion to scientific research.

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：本文為科普類文章，介紹了一位英國生物系學生對于鯊魚來預測暴風雨的研究。
【小題1】推理判斷題。本題適宜用排除法。由文章內容來看這是一篇科普文，A、D可刪除，由文章的語言來看，并未出現大量的專業術語，可刪除C “a research paper”(科研論文) 選B
【小題2】推理判斷題。由第一段和第四段可知，前四段所要表達的含義為If her studies prove the theory,  scientists may be able to monitor the behavior of Sharks to predict bad weather。(科學家們可以通過監視鯊魚的行為來預測不好的天氣”。故A 項正確。
【小題3】事實細節題。由文章倒數第三段可知,Miss Smith 在鯊魚身上安裝高科技感應器來記錄pressure(壓力)和temperature(溫度),故選D 項,C 項不全面。
【小題4】主旨大意題。文章的主旨句為第二段,全文圍繞著鯊魚可能被用來預測天氣的研究展開。因此,B 項正確。
考點：考查科普類短文
點評：細節推斷題要求學生根據語篇關系，推斷具體細節，如時間、地點、人物關系、人物身份、事件等。一般可根據短文提供的信息，或者借助生活常識進行推理判斷。解答此類題，不僅需要我們有一定的社會基礎知識，而且還需要對細節以及有關背景知識有一個充分的理解。