We do not know when man first began to use salt, but we do know that it has been used in many different ways throughout history. Historical evidence shows, for example, that people who lived over 3,000 years ago ate salted fish. Thousands of years ago in Egypt, salt was used to preserve (保存) the dead.
Stealing salt was considered a major crime (罪行) during some periods of history. In the eighteenth century, for example, if a person was caught stealing salt, he could be put in prison and his ears could be cut off.
In the Roman Empire, one of the most important roads was the one that carried salt from the salt mines to Rome. Guards were stationed along the route to protect against salt thieves, and they received their pay in salt, thus bringing the English word, salary. Any guard who fell asleep while on duty was thought to be “not worth his salt”, and as a result he would get a little less salt on his next payday. The expression, “not worth his salt”, is still used today in English.
In the modern world salt has many uses beyond the dining table. It is used in making glass and airplane parts, in the growing of crops, and in the killing of weeds (雜草). It is also used to make water soft, to melt (融化) ice on roads and highways, to make soap, and to fix colors in cloth.
Salt can be got in various ways besides being taken from mines underground. Salt water from the ocean, salt water lakes or small seas can be used to make salt. Yet, no matter where it comes from, salt will continue to play an important role in the lives of people everywhere.
【小題1】According to the text, salt can be used in the following EXCEPT _____.
| A．keeping dead bodies |
| B．punishing thieves |
| C．protecting crops |
| D．making industrial products |
| A．protect the city of Rome |
| B．watch people carrying salt |
| C．prevent thieves from stealing salt |
| D．carry salt from the mines to Rome |
| A．fails to do his work well |
| B．should not be paid in salt |
| C．doesn’t want to work at all |
| D．should use less salt |
| A．how salt was found and got |
| B．salt is important in people’s life |
| C．salt was difficult to get in the past |
| D．what salt brings to the English language |
【小題1】B
【小題2】C
【小題3】A
【小題4】B
解析試題分析：本文主要講述了在人類歷史上鹽的重要作用。
【小題1】B 細節題。根據文章第一段salt was used to preserve (保存) the dead. 可知A正確。倒數第二段. It is used in making glass and airplane parts, in the growing of crops可知CD正確。只有B項文章中沒有提及是鹽的用途。故B符合要求。
【小題2】C 細節題。根據文章第三段第2行Guards were stationed along the route to protect against salt thieves,可知很多士兵被安排在大路的兩邊保護這些鹽。故C正確。
【小題3】A 推理題。根據文章第三段Any guard who fell asleep while on duty was thought to be “not worth his salt”, and as a result he would get a little less salt on his next payday. The expression, “not worth his salt”, is still used today in English.可知該短語是指這些人的工作沒有做好。故A正確。
【小題4】B 主旨大意題。根據文章第一段可知在我們的生活中鹽扮演著很重要的作用。故B正確。
考點：考察社會知識類短文閱讀
點評：本文主要講述了在人類歷史上鹽的重要作用。本文考查細節題為主，細節題可以在文章中直接找到與答案有關的信息?或是其變體。搜查信息在閱讀中非常重要它包括理解作者在敘述某事時使用的具體事實、數據、圖表等細節信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都屬于這類圍繞主體展開的細節。做這類題一般采用尋讀法?即先讀題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關的詞語或句子，再對相關部分進行分析對比，找出答案。
閱讀快車系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
| Gallery Policies for Visitors to National Gallery of Art, Washington | |
| Visitors must present all carried items for inspection upon entry. After inspection, all bags, backpacks, umbrellas, parcels, and other things as determined by security officers must left at the checkrooms, free of charge, close to each entrance. All oversized bags, backpacks and luggage must be left at the checkrooms near the 4th Street entrance of either the East or West Building. These items will have to be x-rayed before being accepted items of value, such as laptop computers, cameras, and fur coats, may not be left in the checkrooms but may be carried into the galleries. We regret that we do not have enough space for visitor items larger than 17×26 inches into the Gallery or its checkrooms. Additional security procedures and checks may be taken according to the decision of the Gallery. | For the safety of the artworks and other visitors, nothing may be carried on a visitor’s back. Soft front baby carriers are allowed, but children may not be carried on shoulders or in a child carrier worn on the back. Pushchairs are available free of charge near each checkroom. Smoking is prohibited. Food and drink are not permitted outside the food service areas. Unopened bottled water may be carried only in a visitor’s bag. Cell phones may not be used in the galleries. Animals, other than service animals, are not permitted in the Gallery. Skateboarding is prohibited. Picture-taking (including video for personal use is permitted except in special exhibitions and where specifically prohibited. Tripods (三角架) are not allowed. Please do not touch the works of art. |
When people come to visit the Gallery, they should ____________.
A. leave all their carried items at the checkrooms
B. have all their carried items x-rayed at the entrance
C. take all their carried items with them without inspection
D. have all their carried items inspected at the entrance
What does the Gallery feel sorry for?
A. Visitors have to keep their valuable items in the checkrooms.
B. The size of visitor items allowed into the Gallery is limited.
C. It cannot keep oversized visitor items due to limited space.
D. Visitor items over 17×26 inches must go through additional checks.
Parents with small children visiting the Gallery _____________.
A. can carry their children in soft front child carriers
B. can carry their children on their shoulders
C. can carry their children in child carriers worn on the back
D. ought to pay if they want to use pushchairs for their children
Visiting photographers should make sure that __________.
A. pictures and videos are allowed for personal use anywhere in the Gallery
B. pictures and videos can be taken in some places for personal use
C. picture-taking and videoing are totally forbidden in the Gallery
D. tripods are allowed except in some special exhibitions
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科目：高中英語 來源：2014屆遼寧盤錦市高二第一次階段考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
It is true that good writers rewrite and rewrite and then rewrite some more. But in order to work up the desire to rewrite, it is important to learn to like what you write at the early stage.
I am surprised at the number of famous writers I know who say that they so dislike reading their own writing later that they even hate to look over the publishers’ opinions. One reason we may dislike reading our own work is that we’re often disappointed that the rich ideas in our minds seem very thin and plain when first written down. Jerry Fodor and Steven Pinker suggest that this fact may be a result of how our minds work.
Different from popular belief, we do not usually think in the works and sentences of ordinary language but in symbols for ideas (known as ‘mentalese’ ), and writing our ideas down is an act of translation from that symbolic language. But while mentalese contains our thoughts in the form of a complex tapestry (織錦)，writing can only be composed one thread at a time. Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. It is only by repeatedly rewriting that we produce new threads and connect them to get closer to the ideas formed in our minds.
When people write as if some strict critics (批評家) are looking over their shoulder, they are so worried about what this critic might say that they get stuck before they even start. Peter Elbow makes an excellent suggestion to deal with this problem. When writing we should have two different minds. At the first stage, we should see every idea, as well as the words we use to express it, as wonderful and worth putting down. It is only during rewrites that we should examine what we excitedly wrote in the first stage and check for weaknesses.
1.What do we learn from the text about those famous writers?
|
A．They often regret writing poor works. |
|
B．Some of them write surprisingly much. |
|
C．Many of them hate reading their own works. |
|
D．They are happy to review the publishers’ opinions. |
2.What do people generally believe about the way human minds work?
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A．People think in words and sentences. |
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B．Human ideas are translated into symbols. |
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C．People think by connecting threads of ideas. |
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D．Human thoughts are expressed through pictures. |
3.What can we conclude from the text?
|
A．Most people believe we think in symbols. |
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B．Loving our own writing is scientifically reasonable. |
|
C．The writers and critics can never reach an agreement. |
|
D．Thinking and writing are different stages of mind at work. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆山西省大同市高二下學期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Now, we know that if we do not get enough vitamins, we are at risk of developing a number of diseases. As a result, vitamin supplements（補品），though expensive, are popular with people who worry that they are not getting enough vitamins from the foods they eat. But contrary to what many people think, medical experts have found little evidence that most supplements do anything to improve health or protect against disease.
In fact, medical experts warn that taking too many of some vitamins can be harmful. For example, too much vitamin E can cause bleeding. People should discuss what vitamins they take with their doctors, as some vitamins can produce harmful side effects when mixed with medicines.
Experts, however, do say that sometimes vitamins can help prevent disease. People who know they lack a particular vitamin should take vitamin supplements. Some older adults, for example, may not have enough vitamin B-twelve. This is because, as people get older, their body loses its ability to take it from foods. Also, people who spend much time inside may need some extra vitamin D as the skin makes this vitamin from sunlight.
Different vitamins are found in different foods. Vitamin A is found in fish liver oil. It also is in the yellow part of eggs. Sweet potatoes, carrots and other darkly colored fruits and vegetables contain substances that the body can change into vitamin A. Vitamin B-twelve is found in green leafy vegetables and other foods, like fruits. Vitamin K can be found in pork products.
In fact, for most people, a balanced diet can ensure enough of the vitamins our bodies need. So, it is important for us to eat a mixture of foods every day to ensure that we get enough vitamins our bodies need.
1.Vitamin supplements are popular with people because ________.
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A．people mistakenly think that they are good for their health |
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B．they contain more vitamins than the foods people eat |
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C．food does not provide enough vitamins people need |
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D．people fear that a lack of vitamins will lead to disease |
2.From the passage, we can learn that medical experts advise people _________.
|
A．never to take any vitamin supplements |
|
B．to depend only on food for their vitamins |
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C．not to take any vitamins together with medicines |
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D．to consult doctors before taking vitamin supplements |
3.For people who lack Vitamin B-twelve, they can eat more from _______.
A. sweet potatoes B. pork products C. green leafy vegetables D. eggs
42. What would be the best title of the passage?
A. Getting enough vitamins through a balanced diet.
B. Vitamin supplements do harm to our health.
C. Vitamins are important to our health.
D. Lacking vitamins can cause many diseases.
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科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省無錫市2009-2010學年度高一第一學期期末考試 題型：完型填空
第三部分完型填空（共20小題；每小題1分，滿分20分）
An elderly carpenter (木匠) was ready to retire. He told his employer of his 41 to leave the house building 42and live a more leisurely life with his wife, 43 time with his extended family. He would 44 the pay, but he needed to retire. They could 45 .
The employer was 46 to see such a good worker leave and asked if he could build just one more house as a personal 47 . The carpenter said yes, but in time it was 48 to see that his heart was not in his work. He built the house 49 and used poor materials. It was an 50 way to end his career.
When the carpenter 51 his work, the employer handed the front – door key to the carpenter. “This is your house,” he said, “a 52 to you.”
What a shock! What a 53 ! If he had only known he was building his 54 house, he would have done it all so 55 . Now he had to live in the house he had built none too well.
56 it is with us. We build our 57 in a distracted (心不在焉)way, reacting rather than acting, willing to put up less than the best. At 58 points we do not give the job our best effort. Then with a shock we look at the situation we have 59 and find that we are now living in the house we have built . If we had 60 , we would have done it differently.
( )41.A.retirement B. problem C. purposes D. plans
( )42.A.business B. site C. teams D. workers
( )43.A.cheering B. dividing C. enjoying D. sparing
( )44.A.consider B. miss C. raise D. save
( )45.A.get by B. get alone C. get back D. get around
( )46.A.ashamed B. anxious C. frightened D. sorry
( )47.A.favor B. bargain C. present D. reply
( )48.A.frank B. probable C. easy D. content
( )49.A.sadly B. carelessly C. slowly D. proudly
( )50.A.unfair B. unhappy C. unfortunate D. unusual
( )51.A.checked B. discovered C. prepared D. finished
( )52.A.gift B. salary C. memory D. punishment
( )53.A.quality B. prize C. shame D. surprise
( )54.A.final B. best C. everlasting D. own
( )55.A.differently B. quickly C. hard D. happily
( )56.A.Then B. So C. But D. Whatever
( )57.A.houses B. bodies C. glories D. lives
( )58.A.difficult B. main C. strong D. important
( )59.A.created B. faced C. improved D. avoided
( )60.A.recognized B. noticed C. realized D. previewed
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年江西省新余市高一上學期期中考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
When we can see well, we do not think about our eyes often. It is only when we can not see perfectly that we come to see how important our eyes are.
People who are nearsighted can only see things that are very close to their eyes. Many people who do a lot of close work, such as writing and reading, become nearsighted. Then they have to wear glasses in order to see distant things clearly.
People who are farsighted face just the opposite problem. They can see things that are far away, but they have difficulty reading a book unless they hold it at arm’s length. If they want to do much reading, they must get glasses too.
Other people do not see clearly because their eyes are not exactly the right shape. This, too, can be corrected by glasses. Some people’s eyes become cloudy because of cataracts. Long ago these people often became blind. Now, however, it is possible to operate on the cataracts and remove them.
When night falls, colors become fainter to the eyes and finally disappear. After your eyes have grown used to the dark, you can see better if you use the side of your eyes rather than the centers. Sometimes, after dark, you see a small thing to one side of you, which seems to disappear if you turn your head in its direction. This is because when you turn your head, you are looking? at the thing too directly. Men on guard duty sometimes think they see something moving to one side of them. When they turn to look straight at it, they can not see it any more, and they believe they were mistaken. However, this mistake happens because the center of the eye, which is very sensitive in daylight, is not as sensitive as the sides of the eye after dark.
1.We don’t know that our eyes are of great importance until ________.
A. we think about our eyes B. we cannot see clearly
C. we wear glasses D. we have to do much reading
2.According to the passage, a ________ is more likely to be nearsighted.
A. tailor B. doctor C. guard D. painter
3.People who are farsighted ________ .
A. cannot do a lot of close work without glasses
B. can only see things that are very close to their eyes
C. have difficulty reading a book if they hold it at arm’s length
D. have the same problem as the nearsighted people
4.To see a small thing at night, it is better to look ________ .
A. with wide open eyes B. with half shut or narrowed eyes
C. straight at it D. in a slightly different direction
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