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By the early 19th century the factory system had spread to the U.S. The first cotton factory was built in 1814, and by 1850 some 24 percent of workers were women. They produced clothing, shoes, cigars, and other things. In the Northeast, newly-arrived women with little education became the factory force. In the South, black women moved into factory and domestic（家庭的）jobs, first as slaves and later as free workers.

　　By 1890 nearly 4 million women in the U.S. worked for pay. This represented（代表）18 percent of the female population aged 14 and 17 percent of the total work force. Half the female workers were under 25 years of age, and seven out of ten were single. Most of them worked in domestic service, teaching positions, and textile（紡織的）factories; only about 5 percent were secretaries, clerks, or salespersons.

　　Recent years have seen a rapid increase in the number of women joining the paid labour force in the U.S. Today, almost 54 percent of all women of working age are employed. Over 50 percent of working women are married, and 60 percent of working wives have school--aged children.

（1）By 1850 about _______ percent of workers were men.

[　　]

A．24

B．50

C．76

D．54

（2）By 1890 ________ of working women were married.

[　　]

A．one tenth

B．three tenths

C．seven tenths

D．nine tenths

（3）Today less than ________ percent of female workers are single.

[　　]

A．50

B．17

C．24

D．70

（4）More and more women in the U.S. have worked for pay _______ .

[　　]

A．by 1850

B．by 1890

C．by the early 19th century

D．in the recent years

（5）According to the passage, which of the following sentences is NOT true?

[　　]

A. Today three fifths of working wives have school--aged children.

B. By 1890, 17 percent of the total work force in the U.S. worked for pay.

C. The first textile factory was built in 1814.

D. Black women in the South of the U.S. first worked as slaves.

答案：C;B;A;D;A
解析：

(1) C （由文章第二句話的內容可得如下算式：100%-24%=76%.）

(2) B （由seven out of ten were single一句可得如下算式：.）

(3) A （由文章末段末句Over 50 percent of working women are married.可知答案.）

(4) D （由文章末段首句話的內容可知答案.）

(5) A （第二段第二句內容可證實B項正確；第一段第二句和末句可分別證明選項C和D正確；文章最后二句話可證明A項錯誤.）

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