South Asia heatwave kills nearly 100
DHAKA - A heat wave sweeping India, Bangladesh and Nepal has killed nearly 100 people over the past two weeks, officials said on June 3, 2005.
A third of the people died in northern Bangladesh, mostly women and children from dehydration(脫水), heat stroke and diarrhoea(腹瀉).
"We are getting reports of several deaths due to heat wave and related diseases almost every day," an official said, as temperatures touched 43℃.
The weather office in Dhaka said the hot weather will last for another week until the monsoon(季風) rains which are normally due by the middle of June.
Severe heat conditions in the southern Indian have killed at least 55 people, officials in the two states said.
While temperatures have fallen from a high of 45℃ in Andhra Pradesh to around 40℃, giving a respite（休息） to people, they are still on the rise in Orissa with Talcher town registering 48.5℃, a weather official said.
At least five people have died in Nepal from extreme heat, the government said.
1.We can infer that the heatwave can cause ______.
A．heat stoke B．dehydration C．diarrhoea D．a(chǎn)ll above
2.When the monsoon rains come, the temperature will _______.
A．remain the same B．go on to rise sharply
C．begin to drop obviously D．rise a little
3.Which place is the hottest in the early June, 2005?
A．Dhaka B．Talcher C．Andhra Pradesh D．Nepal
1.D
2.C
3.B
【解析】
試題分析：本文是一篇新聞報告，介紹了南亞的熱浪導致多人死亡的新聞，文章中提供了很多具體的數(shù)據(jù)。
1.D 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段A third of the people died in northern Bangladesh, mostly women and children from dehydration(脫水), heat stroke and diarrhoea(腹瀉).可知ABC三項都是炎熱造成的健康問題。故D正確。
2.C 推理題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第四段The weather office in Dhaka said the hot weather will last for another week until the monsoon(季風) rains which are normally due by the middle of June.
可知這樣的炎熱的天氣將持續(xù)到季風的來臨，也就是說季風來臨以后溫度會明顯下降。故C正確。
3.B 細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段While temperatures have fallen from a high of 45℃ in Andhra Pradesh to around 40℃, giving a respite（休息） to people, they are still on the rise in Orissa with Talcher town registering 48.5℃, a weather official said可知最高的溫度出現(xiàn)在Talcher 故B正確。
考點：考察新聞報告類短文閱讀
點評：本文是一篇新聞報告，介紹了南亞的熱浪導致多人死亡的新聞。本文所設試題主要考察細節(jié)查找，對于文章中的細節(jié)題，要注意文本內(nèi)容的理解。關鍵是找出原文的根據(jù)，認真核查題支和原文的異同，常犯錯誤有：絕對化語言，范圍擴大或縮小，以偏概全，張冠李戴等。帶著問題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀。
科目：高中英語 來源：啟東中學作業(yè)本 高二英語(下) 題型：050
閱讀理解
A terrifying example of the sea's power saw about 200,000 people die in 12 different countries last week. The devastation (毀壞) was caused when a massive earthquake sent tsunamis (海嘯) smashing into Indian Ocean coastlines.
Communities in Sri Lanka. Indonesia, Thailand, India, Malaysia and East Africa have been destroyed by the monster waves. Whole towns were imply swept aside by the power of the water. Cars, trains and buildings could not survive (幸免), let alone the people who stood in the way.
The earthquake measured 9.0 on the Richter scale (里氏震級) and occurred off the coast of Indonesia. It was recorded as the fifth strongest since 1900.
Scientists said the quake was as powerful as a million of the atomic bombs that were dropped on Japan during World War Ⅱ. “This may be the worst natural disaster in recent history because it is affecting so many heavily populated coastal areas," said Jan Egeland, a UN official.
Because such waves rarely happen in the Indian Ocean, there is no system in place to warn coastal communities they are about to be hit.
Tsunami is Japanese for “harbour wave.” They are usually caused by a sudden rise or fall of part of the Earth's crust (地殼) under the ocean. Tsunamis often happen in oceans and they are most common in the Pacific. Normally a tsunamis includes a series of waves.
Tsunamis can be very long-as much a, 100 kilometres-and be as far as one hour apart. They are able to cross entire oceans without losing much energy. One of the most striking facts about tsunamis is that an earthquake on one side of the Pacific Ocean can cause giant wave, and destruction on the other side.
When the ocean is deep, tsunamis can travel unnoticed at speeds of up to 800 kilometres per hour. They can cross the entire ocean in a day or less.
The wave may only be a few metres, high in the ocean but when it is near the shore and reaches shallow (淺) water, the wave builds up very quickly in height. Witnesses (目擊者) in some areas of Indonesia reported seeing up to 10-metre high waves crash into the shore.
1．We can infer from the passage that fewer people would have died in the South Asian tsunami ________.
[ ]
A．if there had been warning system along the coast
B．if the earthquake had happened off the coast of Thailand
C．if the tsunami had happened in the day time
D．if the tsunami had happened in the deep ocean
2．What surprises people most about the tsunamis is that ________.
[ ]
A．it lasts a long time
B．it travels a long way
C．a(chǎn) tsunamis on one side of the ocean can cause destruction on the other side of the ocean
D．it builds up a high wave
3．Which of the following is NOT true of the South Asian tsunamis?
[ ]
A．It was caused by a serious earthquake off the coast of Indonesia.
B．It was caused by the strongest earthquake in the world.
C．People didn't expect such a strong tsunamis would hit them.
D．It may be the worst natural disaster in recent history.
4．Which of the following is the best title for this article?
[ ]
A．What Is the Tsunami?
B．South Asia Was Hit by the Strongest Earthquake.
C．Mother Nature Displays Anger.
D．A Terrible Disaster.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
A "lost tribe" that reached America from Australia may have been the first Native Americans, according to a new theory.
If proved by DNA evidence, the theory will break long established beliefs about the southerly migration of people who entered America across the Bering Strait, found it empty and occupied it.
On this theory rests the belief of Native Americans to have been the first true Americans. They would be classified to the ranks of escapee, beaten to the New World by Aboriginals (土著人) in boats.
To a European, this may seem like an academic argument, but to Americans it is a philosophical question about identity (身份), Silvia Gonzales, of Liverpool University said .
Her claims are based on skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico that have skulls (頭骨) quite unlike the broad Mongolian features of Native Americans. These narrow-skulled people have more in common with southern Asians, Aboriginal Australians and people of the South Pacific Region.
The bones, stored at the National Museum of Anthropology (人類學) in Mexico City, have been carbon-dated and one is 12,700 years old, which places it several thousand years before the arrival of people from the North. "We think there were several migration waves into the Americas at different times by different human groups," Dr. Gonzales said． "The timing, route and point of origin of the first colonization of the Americas remains a most contentious topic in human evolution."
But comparisons based on skull shape are not considered conclusive by anthropologists, so a team of Mexican and British scientists, backed by the Natural Environment Research Council, has also attempted to take out DNA from the bones. Dr. Gonzales declined yesterday to say exactly what the results were, as they need to be checked, but indicated that they were consistent（一致） with an Australian origin.
It is generally considered that the first Native Americans came from _____.
A．North Asia B．Australia C．South Pacific D．South Asia
The skeletons found in the California Peninsula of Mexico have _____.
A．the broad skull shape
B．the narrow skull shape
C．different features of Aboriginal Australians
D．the same features of Native Americans
The underlined “contentious” is similar in meaning to “_____”.
A．likely to cause great interest B．difficult to solve
C．well-known to all D． likely to cause argument
Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A．Research on skulls can draw an exact conclusion.
B．DNA tests have proved the fact that the first Native Americans came from Australian.
C．Scientists are still not sure about the origin of the Native Americans.
D．People began to enter America across the Bering Strait about 12,700 years ago.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：
The money collected should be made good use _______ the people in South Asia who suffered a lot in the killer earthquake and tsunami(海嘯).
A. of helping ?
B. to help ?
C. to helping ?
D. of to help?
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Across the world, 1.1 billion people have no access to clean drinking water. More than 2.5 billion people lack basic sanitation. (衛(wèi)生設備)
The combination proves deadly. Each year, diseases related to inadequate water and sanitation kill between 2 and 5 million people and cause an estimated 80 percent of all sicknesses in the developing world. Safe drinking water is a precondition for health and the fight against child death rate, inequality between men and women, and poverty.
Consider these facts:
●The average distance that women in Africa and Asia walk to collect water is 6 kilometers.
●Only 58 percent of children in sub-Saharan Africa are drinking safe water., and only 37 percent of children in South Asia have access to even a basic toilet.
●Each year in India alone, 73 million working days are lost to water-borne diseases.
Here are three ways you can help:
Write Congress
Current U.S. foreign aid for drinking water and sanitation budgets only one dollar per year per American citizen. Few members of Congress have ever received a letter from voters about clean drinking water abroad.
Sponsor a project with a faith-based organization
Many U.S. religious groups already sponsor water and sanitation projects, working with partner organizations abroad. Simply put a single project by a U.S. organization can make safe water a reality for thousands of people.
Support nonprofit water organizations
Numerous U.S.-based nonprofits work skillfully abroad in community-led projects related to drinking water and sanitation. Like the sample of non-profits noted as follows: some organizations are large, other small-scale, some operate worldwide, others are devoted to certain areas in Africa, Asia, or Latin America. Support them generously.
72. The three facts presented in the passage are used to illustrate that________.
A. poverty can result in water-borne diseases
B. people have no access to clean drinking water
C. women’s rights are denied in some developing countries
D. safe drinking water should be a primary concern
73. The intended readers of the passage are________.
A. Americans B. overseas sponsors
C. Congressmen D. U.S.-based water organizations
74. The main purpose of the passage is to call on people to _________.
A. get rid of water-related diseases in developing countries
B. donate money to people short of water through religious groups
C. fight against the worldwide water shortage and sanitation problem
D. take joint action in support of some nonprofit water organizations
75. What information will probably be provided following the last paragraph?
A. A variety of companies and their worldwide operation.
B. A list of nonprofit water organizations to make contact with.
C. Some ways to get financial aids from U.S. Congress.
D. A few water resources exploited by some world-famous organizations.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年北京市東城區(qū)（南片）高一上學期期末考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Animals Can Sense Natural Disasters
Among the dead in South Asia’ s tsunami（海嘯）were many tourists at Sri Lanka’ s national wildlife park at Yala. But very few of the park’s animals — elephants, buffaloes, monkeys and wild cats — appear to have died. There are theories that animals can sense natural disasters and run away to safety.
First, it’s possible that the animals may have heard the quake before the tsunami hit. The underwater burst produced sound waves known as infrasound（次聲）. Humans can’t hear infrasound, but many animals including dogs, elephants, tigers and pigeons can.
A second early warning sign the animals might have sensed is ground vibration（震動）. The great quake would have produced vibrational waves known as Rayleigh waves. These vibrations move through the ground like waves moving on the surface of the ocean but faster. They travel at ten times the speed of sound. The Rayleigh waves would have reached Sri Lanka hours before the water hit. Mammals, birds, insects and spiders can sense Rayleigh waves. So the animals at Yala might have felt the Rayleigh waves and then run to higher ground.
But what about humans? While we can’t hear infrasound, we can feel it, although we don’t necessarily know we’re feeling it. We also experience Rayleigh waves by special sensors in our joints（關節(jié)）, which exist just for that purpose. Sadly, it seems we don’t pay attention to the information when we get it. Maybe we screen it out because there’s so much going on before our eyes and in our ears.
【小題1】Why did few animals at Yala die when the tsunamis that caused a huge number of human deaths hit?
| A．Because human beings cannot hear the infrasonic sound. |
| B．Because the animals were staying at a higher place in the park. |
| C．Because the animals were able to run much faster than human beings. |
| D．Because the animals might have picked up the danger signals and ran away. |
| A．Rayleigh waves can be felt both by animals and human beings. |
| B．Rayleigh waves, just like infrasonic sound, can only be felt by animals. |
| C．Rayleigh waves are vibrational waves that usually cause quakes or tsunamis. |
| D．Rayleigh waves move on the ocean surface at a speed ten times that of sound waves. |
| A．We can’t feel the infrasound so we can’t be informed of the danger. |
| B．We ignore the information of tsunami’s coming even though we can also get it. |
| C．We were so busy on our minds that we feel neither infrasound nor Rayleigh waves. |
| D．We can feel Rayleigh waves and infrasound so we can escape the danger like animals. |
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