During the years after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers have been trying hard to solve a question that would otherwise have been completely unthinkable: Can building be designed to stand catastrophic blasts (攻擊；爆破) by terrorists?
Soon after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) traveled to ground zero as part of a project
funded by the National Science Foundation. They spent two days beginning the task of formulating (構思) ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.
“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,” said Mr. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,” he added.
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate the monumental damage to the World Trade Center towers and buildings nearby. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column (柱子) there that used to be part of that building,” explained A. Whittaker, Ph.D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.”
The visit to the area also brought some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing (框架) system in one of the buildings was quite strong , allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris (殘礫) to survive. “Good framing systems may provide a simple, but reliable strategy for blast resistance,” he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. “We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse,” said A. Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.”
A. Reinhorn, Ph.D. noted that “earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of buildings in the past. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.”
【小題1】The question raised in the first paragraph is one _____ .
| A．that was asked by structural engineers a month ago |
| B．that is too difficult for structural engineers a month ago |
| C．that was never thought of before the terrorist attack |
| D．that terrorists are eager to find a solution to |
| A．was part of the building close to the World Trade Center |
| B．was part of the World Trade Center |
| C．was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center |
| D．damaged many buildings near the World Trade Center |
| A．floors in the faraway buildings remained undamaged |
| B．some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion |
| C．complex floor framing systems are more blast resistant |
| D．floors in one of the buildings were pierced by tons of debris |
| A．blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design |
| B．blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design |
| C．solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design |
| D．blast engineering emerges as a totally new branch of science |
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
It was the district sports meet. My foot still hadn’t healed(痊愈) from a(n) ___36___ injury. I had___37___ whether or not I should attend the meet. But there I was, ___38___for the 3,000-meter run.
“Ready…set…” The gun popped and we were off. The other girls rushed ___39___ me. I felt ___40___ as I fell farther and farther behind.
“Hooray!” shouted the crowd. It was the loudest___41___ I had ever heard at a meet. The first-place runner was two laps（圈）ahead of me when she crossed the finish line.
“Maybe I should___42___, I thought as I moved on. ___43___, I decided to keep going. During the last two laps, I ran ___44___ and decided not to ___45___in track next year. It wouldn’t be worth it, ___46___my foot did heal.
When I finished, I heard a cheer--___47___ than the one I’d heard earlier. I turned around and___48___, the boys were preparing for their race. “They must be cheering for the boys. ”
I was leaving ___49___ several girls came up to me. “Wow, you’ve got courage!” one of them told me.
“Courage? I just ___50___a race!” I thought.
“I would have given up on the first lap,” said another girl. “We were cheering for you. Did you hear us?”
Suddenly I regained___51___. I decided to ___52___ track next year. I realized strength and courage aren’t always ___53___ in medals and victories, but in the ___54___we overcome(戰勝). The strongest people are not always the people who win, ___55___ the people who don’t give up when they lose.
36. A. slighter B. worse C. earlier D. heavier
37. A. expected B. supposed C. imagined D. doubted
38. A. late B. eager C. ready D. thirsty
39. A. from behind B. ahead of C. next to D. close to
40. A. ashamed B. astonished C. excited D. frightened
41. A. cheer B. shout C. cry D. noise
42. A. slow down B. drop out C. go on D. speed up
43. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. Besides D. However
44. A. with delight B. with fear C. in pain D. in advance
45. A. play B. arrive C. race D. attend
46. A. even if B. only if C. unless D. until
47. A. weaker B. longer C. lower D. louder
48. A. well enough B. sure enough C. surprisingly enough D. strangely enough
49. A. while B. when C. as D. since
50. A. finished B. won C. passed D. lost
51. A. cheer B. hope C. interest D. experience
52. A. hold on B. turn to C. begin with D. stick with
53. A. measured B. praised C. tested D. increased
54. A. sadness B. struggles C. diseases D. tiredness
55. A. or B. nor C. and D. but
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Millions of people all over the world use the word OK. In fact, some people say the word is used more often than any other word in the world. OK means all right or acceptable. It expresses agreement or approval.
Some people say it came from the Native American Indian tribe known as the Choctaw(喬克托語). The Choctaw word “okeh” means the same as the American word okay. Experts say early explorers in the American West spoke the Choctaw language in the nineteenth century.
But many people doubt this. Language expert Allen Walker Read wrote about the word “OK” in reports published in the 1960s. He said the word began being used in the 1830s. Some foreign-born people wrote “ all correct” as “o-l-l-k-o-r-r-e-c-t”, and used the letters OK. Other people say a railroad worker named Obadiah Kelly invented the word long ago. They said he put the first letters of his name---O and K---on each object people gave him to send on the train.
The organization supported Martin Van Buren for president in 1840. They called their group the OK club. The letters were taken from the name of the town where Martin was born---Old Kinderhook, New York.
Then there is the expression A-OK. It is a space-age expression. It was used in 1961 during the flight of astronaut Alan Shepard. He was the first American to be launched into space. His flight ended when his spacecraft landed in the ocean, as planned. Shepard reported, “Everything is A-OK.” One story says it was first used during the early days of the telephone to tell an operator that a message had been received.
There are also funny ways to say okay. These expressions were first used in the 1930s. Today, a character on the American television series “The Simpsons” says it another way. He says okely-doke.
A. Some people say okey-dokey or okey-doke.
B. Still others say a political organization invented the word.
C. Therefore, it has become popular in that area from then on.
D. But many experts don’t agree on what the expression means.
E. Still, language experts do not agree about where the word came from.
F. It was a short way of writing a different spelling of the word “all correct”.
G. However, some experts say the expression did not begin with the space age.
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
閱讀下面的短文，然后按照要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。
Beijing, Oct. 2, 2008 --- Tourist destinations around the country had at least 4.05 million visitors, up 33.4 percent year-on-year, during the first four days of the week-long national holiday.
The tourism revenue(財政收入) jumped 37.5 percent year-on-year.
This year’s “golden week” National Day holiday runs from Sept. 29 to Oct.5. In previous years, the seven-day holiday kicked off on Oct. 1.
Beijing had a visitor increase of more than 60 percent, with many tourists drawn to see the Olympic venues(場所).
About 920,000 people, up 62 percent year-on-year, visited 21 major tourist sites in Beijing, according to figures released by the office.
The must-see Forbidden City welcomed 120,000 visitors, up 140 percent.
Shanghai saw a 52.2-percent rise in the number of tourists at more than 70 sites.
In Sichuan province, about 107,400 people, an increase of 360 percent from last year, visited the ancient town of Huanglongxi near Chengdu.
Chinese trains carried more than 5.4 million passengers on Wednesday alone, an increase of almost 13 percent. About 557, 300 people traveled by air and 53.2 million people hit the roads on the same day.
[寫作內容]
從2008年起，國家調整了假日設置，五一黃金周被取消，增加了傳統節日的休假，對此人們評價不一。在今年國慶前，網上流傳一些專家和機構的說法，國家將會在近期取消“十一”黃金周，又引起了各種反響。請你對此現象發表意見。
內容要點包括:
以約30個詞概括新聞報道；
用約120個詞談談你的觀點，內容包括：
支持者意見：雖然縮短了“五一”長假，但增加了三個傳統節日，有利于提高傳統文化意識，減輕了旅游地的接待壓力，增加了親人團聚的機會．．．．．．
反對者意見：會導致長假期間的交通更加擁擠，減少了遠方的人員回家探親的機會．．．．．．
你的觀點。
[寫作要求]
1．你可以使用實例或其它論述方法支持你的觀點，也可以參照閱讀材料的內容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；
2．文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱；
[評分標準] 概括準確，語言規范，內容合適，篇章連貫。
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
My grandmother was an iron-willed woman, the feared head of the family. When I was five years old, she invited some friends to her apartment for a party. 26the guests was a neighborhood big shot(大亨). They had a little girl about my age who was27 and very much used to getting her own way.
Grandmother spent a lot of time with the big shot and his family. She 28 them the most important members of her social circle and tried hard to please them. At one point during the party, I 29my way to the bathroom and closed the door behind me. A minute or two later, the little girl 30the bathroom door and simply walked in. I was still sitting down. “Don’t you know that little girls aren't31to come into the bathroom when a little boy is using it!?” I shouted. The32I had piled upon her shocked the little girl. Then she started to cry. She tearfully33to her parents and my grandmother. Grandmother was waiting for me when I left the bathroom. I received the longest, sharpest34. After her scolding was over and I had been dismissed, the party 35.
Twenty minutes later, all that changed. Grandmother walked by the bathroom and noticed a flood of water36out from under the door. She37the bathroom door and saw that the sink and tub were plugged(塞)up and that the taps 38at full blast (擰到最大). Everyone knew who did it. The guests quickly formed a39wall around me, but Grandmother was40 angry that she almost got to me anyway.
My grandfather took me41to the window. He was a kind and gentle man, full of wisdom and patience.42did he raise his voice to anyone, and never did he43 his wife. He looked at me with much curiosity, 44 angry or upset.
“Tell me,” he asked, “why did you do it?”
“Well, she shouted at me 45,” I said earnestly. “Now she's got something to shout about.”
Grandfather didn’t speak right away. He just sat there, looking at me and smiling. “Eric,” he said at last, “you are my revenge(復仇).”
26. A. Between B. Among C. Around D. Beside
27. A. spoiled B. harmed C. liked D. concerned
28. A. imagined B. told C. evaluated D. considered
29. A. made B. found C. pushed D. wound
30. A. closed B. opened C. beat D. tapped
31. A. expected B. asked C. supposed D. told
32. A. happiness B. depression C. embarrassment D. anger
33. A. complained B. apologized C. replied D. referred
34. A. cry B. blame C. comment D. demand
35. A. picked up B. broke down C. carried on D. took off
36. A. moving B. stirring C. floating D. streaming
37. A. pushed open B. pulled down C. shut up D. knocked at
38. A. had gone B. were going C. went D. had been going
39. A. productive B. hard C. protective D. rough
40. A. so B. too C. as D. very
41. A. by his hand B. by the hand C. by surprise D. with anxiety
42. A. Often B. Sometimes C. Always D. Rarely
43 A. argue with B. talk with C. put up with D. come to terms with
44. A. other than B. instead of C. rather than D. more than
45. A. for something B. for nothing C. without doubt D. with sympathy
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Humans are social animals. They live in groups all over the world. As these groups of people live apart form other groups, over the years and centuries they develop their own habits and ideas, which from different cultures. One important particular side of every culture is how its people deal with time.
Time is not very important in nonindustrial societies. The Nuer people of East Africa, for example, do not even have a word TIME that is in agreement with the abstract thing we call time. The daily lives of the people of such nonindustrial societies are likely to be patterned around their physical needs and natural events rather than around a time schedule(時間表) based on the clock. They cook and eat when they are hungry and sleep when the sun goes down. They plant crops during the growing seasons and harvest them when the crops are ripe. They measure time not by a clock or calendar(日歷), but by saying that an event takes place before or after some other event. Frequently such a society measures days in terms of "sleeps" or longer periods in terms of "moons". Some cultures, such as the Eskimos of Greenland measure seasons according to the migration(遷徙) of certain animals.
Some cultures which do not have a written language or keep written records have developed interesting ways of "telling time". For example, when several Australian aborigines(土著居民) want to plan an event for a future time, one of them places a stone on a cliff or in a tree. Each day the angle of the sun changes slightly. In a few days, the rays of the sun strike the stone in a certain way. When this happens, the people see that the agreed-upon time has arrived and the event can take place.
In contrast(成對比), exactly correct measurement of time is very important in modern, industrialized societies. This is because industrialized societies require the helpful efforts of many people in order to work. For a factory to work efficiently (well, quickly and without waste),for example, all of the workers must work at the same time. Therefore, they must know what time to start work in the morning and what time they may go home in the afternoon. Passengers must know the exact time that an airplane will arrive or depart. Students and teachers need to know when a class starts and ends. Stores must open on time in order to serve their customers. Complicated (復雜的) societies need clocks and calendars. Thus, we can see that if each person worked according to his or her own schedule, a complicated society could hardly work at all.
By saying "Humans are social animals",the author means________.
A. they live all over the world
B. they are different from other animals
C. they live in one place, district or country, considered as a whole
D. they are divided into many groups
Time is not very important in non-industrial societies, because peoplein those societies________.
A. don't have the word TIME in their languages
B. don't get used to using clocks and other timepieces
C. don't measure time in their daily lives around an exact time schedule
D. don't need to plan their daily lives around an exact time schedule
The Australian aborigines' way of"telling time" is based on________.
A. the change of the sun rays B. the movement of the earth in relation to the sun
C. the position of the stone D. the position of the tree or the cliff
Which of the following might be the best title for this passage?
A. Time and Culture B. The Measurment of Time
C. Time Schedule and Daily Life D. Clock,Calendar and Society
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