Question

Putting in water fountains(?????) at schools, and teaching children about the health benefits of water, could reduce their risk of getting extra pounds, reports a new study that is published in the latest issue of the journal pediatrics.

The findings are based on a survey in 32 elementary schools of two German cities, Dortmund and Essen. The researchers, led by Rebecca Muckelbauer, a nutrionist at the Research Institute of Child Nutrition Dortmund, weighed about 3,000 children, and asked them about their beverage(????) consumption.

At the beginning of the school year, the experts had water fountains added to 17 of the schools. The scientists also worked with teachers to carry out educational programs that promote the benefits of drinking water. In contrast to schools in the United States, there are very few schools in Germany that have water fountains.

At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 percent less likely to gain extra pounds, compared to kids who went to other schools, where water drinking was not encouraged.[???:?

Children in the schools with fountains, increased their water consumption from about 3 up to 4 glasses a day, while those in the other schools continued to drink an average of 3 glasses. Over the research, the number of overweight kids upped from 384 to 385 out of 1,641 at the schools with water fountains. In comparison, the number of overweight kids at the other schools increased from 339 to 364 out of 1,309, Dr. Muckelbauer said.

The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight. Dr. Muckelbauer noted that according to a few other studies, drinking of water increases the rate at which calories are burned, while some other research suggested that water may temporarily decrease appetite.

1.According to the text, the journal Pediatrics__________.

A. may cover the subject of the health of children

B. mainly deals with the water drinking problem

C. is mainly about the mental health of kids

D. must be a journal entitled(???) by a school

2.What do we know about the survey from the text?

A. The teacher were also encouraged to drink water.

B. The students surveyed were all overweight.

C. It surveyed children in the countryside.

D. It lasted for a whole school year.

3.The fifth paragraph is mainly about __________.

A. the technique used in the survey     B. the benefits of the survey

C. the process of the survey           D. the result of the survey

4.What can be learned from the last paragraph?

A. Drinking water definitely decreases appetite.

B. Further research is needed to confirm the finding.

C. The experts will encourage all the students to drink water.

D. Why students drinking more get less pounds will be clear soon.

 

Answer 1

【答案】

 

1.A

2.D

3.D

4.B

【解析】

試題分析：文章介紹了由Dortmund and Essen兩人主持的一項調查研究，要教給學生水的健康元素，這樣可以減少學生增胖的可能，這項調查是在兩個德國城市的32個學校展開的，在研究初期不同的小組增肥學生的總數沒有太大不同，但是在學年結束的時候，大約有百分之三十一的學生都似乎沒有變胖，用飲水機的學生的飲水量有所增加，而其它學生基本保持不變，而用飲水機的學生變胖的總數沒有其它學校的學生變胖的總數多，專家也不能做出最后的結論，也無法解釋為什么學生在鼓勵喝水的同時并沒有發胖。

1.A綜合理解題。由Dortmund and Essen兩人主持的一項調查研究，要教給學生水的健康元素，這樣可以減少學生增胖的可能，這項調查是在兩個德國城市的32個學校展開的，在研究初期不同的小組增肥學生的總數沒有太大不同，但是在學年結束的時候，大約有百分之三十一的學生都似乎沒有變胖，用飲水機的學生的飲水量有所增加，而其它學生基本保持不變，而用飲水機的學生變胖的總數沒有其它學校的學生變胖的總數多，專家也不能做出最后的結論，也無法解釋為什么學生在鼓勵喝水的同時并沒有發胖。這篇文章出自于the journal Pediatrics這本刊物，所以由此可知這本雜志是有關兒童健康問題的，故答案應為D。

2.D細節判斷題。At the beginning of the study, there were no big differences in the number of overweight children in different groups. But by the end of the school year, children in the schools with water fountains were 31 percent less likely to gain extra pounds, 句意為：在研究開始的時候，在不同的分組里面發胖的學生總數沒有什么不同，但到了學年結束的時候----由此可知這項研究持續了一年的時間。故答案應為D。

3.D細節理解題。Children in the schools with fountains, increased their water consumption from about 3 up to 4 glasses a day, while those in the other schools continued to drink an average of 3 glasses. Over the research, the number of overweight kids upped from 384 to 385 out of 1,641 at the schools with water fountains. In comparison, the number of overweight kids at the other schools increased from 339 to 364 out of 1,309, Dr. Muckelbauer said.句意為：用飲水機的學生增加了他們水的消耗量從大約三杯到了一天四杯，而其它學校的學生他們的飲水量仍然是平均三杯，但前者在1641個學生里面增學生總數從384到了385個，而后者沒有安裝飲水機的學校學生在1309名學生中，增胖的總數從339個上升到了364個。所以本自然段講的是研究的結果，故答案應為D。

4.B綜合理解題。The experts cannot make any final conclusions and explain why the students who were encouraged to drink water were less likely to gain extra weight. Dr. Muckelbauer noted that according to a few other studies, drinking of water increases the rate at which calories are burned, while some other research suggested that water may temporarily decrease appetite.句意為：專家還不能做出最后的結論，也不能解釋多喝水的學生為什么似乎沒有增肥，所以還需要繼續研究以證實他的發現。故答案應為B。

【考點】考查健康保健類文章的閱讀理解。