Question

The possibility that pleasant smells might reduce pain has recently been suggested by new research. In a scientific study, doctors asked 20 men and 20 women to keep their hands in very hot water for as long as possible while breathing in different smells.
As people believe that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were asked not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment began. During the experiment, volunteers were asked to take in pleasant smells such as vanilla (香草), and unpleasant smells such as durians (榴蓮). The volunteers kept their hands in the water until it became too hot for them. When they could not bear the pain any more, they took their hands out of the water.
Scientists are interested in whether the senses or smell is related to pain and whether men and women have the same senses. Now, the study has proved that for women, pleasant smells reduce pain. For men, there is no change.
Dr Finkelstein has been studying smells since 1999. He says that scientists already have data from 40 volunteers. He adds that this year, scientists will test another 60 volunteers and will be in a better position to explain the results.
One explanation is that women’s sense of smell developed long ago, and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies. Scientists used to believe that mothers recognized their children by sight only. Now, they have started to believe that the sense of smell also helps, but why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists

1. 1.
   Before the experiment, volunteers ______
   1. A.
      are gathered and take a training
   2. B.
      cannot eat or drink for several hours
   3. C.
      must wash their hands carefully
   4. D.
      will be interviewed by Dr Finkelstein
2. 2.
   If both men and women are asked to keep their hands in hot water while taking in some pleasant smells, ______
   1. A.
      women may stand the pain of the hot water longer
   2. B.
      men may keep their hands in the hot water longer
   3. C.
      they will probably take their hands out at the same time
   4. D.
      we are not quite sure who will take their hands out earlier
3. 3.
   From the passage we learn that _________
   1. A.
      the reason why women are sensitive to smells is clear
   2. B.
      the experiment for the sense of smell has come to an end
   3. C.
      unpleasant smells affect men’s senses more than women’s
   4. D.
      scientists have not totally explained the result of the study
4. 4.
   Now scientists believe that _______
   1. A.
      mothers recognize their children only by sight
   2. B.
      men’s sense of smell developed a long time ago
   3. C.
      strong smells have a great influence on people’s senses
   4. D.
      smells are helpful for mothers to spot their children
5. 5.
   The writer wrote the passage in order to ________
   1. A.
      supply some entertainment to us
   2. B.
      show women’s sharper senses than men’s
   3. C.
      inform the readers of some knowledge
   4. D.
      call for volunteers for the experiment

Answer 1

BADDC
試題分析：本文通過一個實驗來告訴我們女孩和男性相比較，更能夠容忍痛苦。另外氣味對人的忍耐力也是有影響的。
1.B 細節題。根據文章第二段1,2行As people believe that strong smells can affect the senses, volunteers were asked not to eat or drink for eight hours before the experiment began.可知在試驗之前，志愿者很長時間不能吃飯喝東西。故B正確。
2.A 細節題。根據文章第三段第2行Now, the study has proved that for women, pleasant smells reduce pain.可知女性在熱水中可以容忍的時間更長。故A正確。
3.D 細節題。根據文章最后2行Now, they have started to believe that the sense of smell also helps, but why pleasant smells do not reduce pain in men is a question still to be answered by scientists.可知科學家最后也沒有給出最終的解釋。故D正確。
4.D 細節題。根據文章最后一段1,2行One explanation is that women’s sense of smell developed long ago, and is linked to recognizing the smell of babies.可知母親利用味道來辨別自己的孩子。故D正確。
5.C 主旨大意題。作者寫這篇文章的目的正是為了解釋一個科學實驗的結果，告訴我們女性對于痛苦可能更能夠忍受較長的時間。故C正確。
考點：考察科普類短文閱讀
點評：本文通過一個實驗來告訴我們女孩和男性相比較，更能夠容忍痛苦。本文細節題居多，答題時在文章找到對應的地方，用筆進行標記，這有利于后期有時間檢查時可以立刻找到答案的位置。仔細理解作者所講的意思，再結合選項，通過排除法和自己對全文的把握，選出正確答案。