Bad news sells. If it bleeds, it leads. No news is good news, and good news is no news. Those are the classic rules for the evening broadcasts and the morning papers. But now that information is being spread and monitored in different ways, researchers are discovering new rules. By tracking people’s e-mails and online posts, scientists have found that good news can spread faster and farther than disasters and sob stories.
“The ‘if it bleeds’ rule works for mass media,” says Jonah Berger, a scholar at the University of Pennsylvania. “They want your eyeballs and don’t care how you’re feeling. But when you share a story with your friends, you care a lot more how they react. You don’t want them to think of you as a Debbie Downer.”
Researchers analyzing word-of-mouth communication—e-mails, Web posts and reviews, face-to-face conversations—found that it tended to be more positive than negative, but that didn’t necessarily mean people preferred positive news. Was positive news shared more often simply because people experienced more good things than bad things? To test for that possibility, Dr. Berger looked at how people spread a particular set of news stories: thousands of articles on The New York Times’ website. He and a Penn colleague analyzed the “most e-mailed” list for six months. One of his first findings was that articles in the science section were much more likely to make the list than non-science articles. He found that science amazed Times’ readers and made them want to share this positive feeling with others.
Readers also tended to share articles that were exciting or funny, or that inspired negative feelings like anger or anxiety, but not articles that left them merely sad. They needed to be aroused (激發) one way or the other, and they preferred good news to bad. The more positive an article, the more likely it was to be shared, as Dr. Berger explains in his new book, “Contagious: Why Things Catch On.”
1.What do the classic rules mentioned in the text apply to?
A. Private e-mails.
B. Research papers.
C. News reports.
D. Daily conversations．
2.What can we infer about people like Debbie Downer?
A. They’re socially inactive.
B. They’re good at telling stories.
C. They’re careful with their words.
D. They’re inconsiderate of others.
3.Which tended to be the most e-mailed according to Dr. Berger’s research?
A. Science articles.
B. Sports news.
C. Personal accounts.
D. Financial reviews.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Sad Stories Travel Far and Wide
B. Online News Attracts More People
C. Reading Habits Change with the Times
D. Good News Beats Bad on Social Networks
閱讀快車系列答案科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年甘肅天水一中高二上第二階段考英語卷（解析版） 題型：語法填空
At first my new 1. were difficult to tolerate. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gases had little oxygen left. Hit by a 2.of fresh air, my head ached. Just as I tried to make the necessary 3. to this new situation ,Wang ping handed a mask to me and I felt better in 4. time. Soon I was 5. on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven by computer. Wang Ping fastened my safety belt and showed me how to use it. Soon I could fly as fast as him. However, I lost 6. of him when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriage flying in all directions.
During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually 7. those held in the Middle Ages. People began to 8. less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. … Rich people wanted to 9. their own paintings, so they could 10. their superb palaces and great houses.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年黑龍江齊齊哈爾實驗中學高一上期中英語卷（解析版） 題型：單項填空
—What about the rent?
—______. You can pay weekly or monthly.
A. It’s up to you B. That’s all right
C. You can’t miss it D. Not at all
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年西藏拉薩中學高一上第一學段考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：語法填空
閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容或括號內單詞的正確形式。
Once there lived a rich man, __1.__ wanted to do something for the people of his town. But first he wanted to find out ___2.__they deserved his help.
In the center of the main road into the town, he placed __3.__ very large stone. Then he __4.__(hide) behind a tree and waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow.
“Who put this stone in the center of the road？” said the old man，but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. __5.__ man came along and did the same thing; then another came, and another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove __6.__. Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone，__7.__(say) to himself: “The night will be very dark. Some ___8.__ (neighbor) will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.”
Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his __9._(strong) to move it，only to find a bag of money under the stone. Imagine ___10.___ surprised he was!
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆廣東實驗中學高三10月考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
注意： 1、答案請寫在答題卷上； 2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分；
3、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 4、答題符號、格式要規范：
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
There were many people on the bus and no vacant seats. When a woman got off, a man near the door attempted to rise, but she had forced him back into his seat. “Thank you,” she said, “but please don’t do that. I am perfect able to stand.” “But, madam, let me…” began the man. “I ask you to keep your seat,” interrupted a woman with the hands on her shoulders. So the man tried to rise, and said: “Madam, will you kindly permit me to…?” “No, no,” said the woman and again force him back. At last the man managed to get up, say: “ Madam, you have carried me three block beyond my house. I want get off.”
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆黑龍江哈爾濱師范大學附中高三上期中考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯
每句中只有一處錯誤。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
We are now living in a information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are wide used. It seem that many people cannot enjoy themselves without it. However, if I were to give up one of them, I would rather turn off TV than to switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows took my fancy and there are too many commercials. Besides, most programs on TV are available elsewhere, either. As for cells and the Web, they are less necessary for me. I need a cell to keep in touch my friend and my family.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆黑龍江哈爾濱師范大學附中高三上期中考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
People always think men are more skilled than women in driving. Nowadays women appear to have a positive image of themselves as safer drivers than men.
In a survey done for insurer MetLife, 51% of women said they drive more safely. The evidence is on their side: Men are 3.4 times more likely than women to get a ticket for careless driving and 3.1 times as likely to be punished for drunk driving. “Women are on average less aggressive and more law abiding (守法的) drivers, which leads to fewer accidents.” the report says. However, not all male drivers share the same opinion. Of the men surveyed by MetLife, 39% claimed male drivers were safer. The findings did back them up on one point: automotive knowledge. The report showed that more men are familiar with current safety equipment such as electronic stability control, which helps prevent rollover accidents.
Auto safety unavoidably matters to money. Insurance companies focus on what classes of drivers have the lowest dollar amounts of claims, and for now, that mainly includes women. In general, women pay about 9% less for auto insurance than men. A study by the website Insweb also showed that auto insurance rates are lower for women in most states. Among individual states, women get the greatest advantage in Wyoming (where they pay 20% less), South Dakota and Washington, D. C., where their insurance costs are 16% lower.
“More than 11,900 male drivers died in U.S. traffic accidents in 2009, compared with just under 4,900 women drivers,” according to the study. “Based on miles traveled, men died at a rate of 2.5 deaths per 100 million miles traveled, v.s. 1.7 deaths for women.”
1. According to the study, male drivers _________.
A. are less aggressive while driving
B. are more skilled at auto knowledge
C. are more likely to stick to driving laws
D. are less familiar with safety equipment
2. Insurance companies focus on female driver clients(客戶) probably because they _________.
A. cause more accidents on the road but ask for little
B. cause little damage and pay more money to the insurance companies
C. make up the most part of the insurance clients
D. are more careful drivers and cause less damage
3. We can infer from the passage that _________.
A. men are 3.1 times more likely to get tickets than women
B. all women in the USA pay the same for their auto insurance
C. more female drivers die every year than male drivers
D. women are generally safer drivers than the opposite sex
4. The writer mainly develops paragraphs by _________.
A. giving examples B. making comparisons
C. drawing a conclusion D. presenting an argument
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科目：高中英語 來源：2017屆山西“晉商四校”高三11月聯考英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Taking a shower is relaxing．You can hum a song, daydream or think about nothing, leaving the real world behind you．But did you know that showering can also benefit your mind?
A research by Scott Barry Kaufman, a psychologist from Yale University in the US interviewed over 3,000 people around the world．It turned out that nearly two-thirds of the interviewees said they had experienced new ideas in the shower and were more likely to have them in the shower than at work．
So why does a simple shower have such magic power? Science can explain it．
Showering can help to raise our level of dopamine, a hormone (荷爾蒙) closely related to our creativity．“People vary in terms of their level of creativity according to the activity of dopamine”, explained Alice Flaherty, a famous American neuroscientist．“Taking a warm shower can make us feel relaxed and therefore make the dopamine level rise and bring 'Aha!' moment to us．”
Besides the chemical changes, showering may give you a break from what you feel you have been stuck with．Especially when you have thought hard all day about a problem, jumping into the shower can keep you from the outside world so that you can focus on your inner feelings and memories．In this way, according to American psychologist Shelley H．Carson, author of Your Creative Brain, “a showering hour may turn into an ‘incubation (孵化) period’ for your ideas．”
Compared with sitting in front of a computer, taking a shower is something we do less frequently in our daily life．When showering, we get a fresh experience with the change of location, temperature and humidity．“New and unexpected experiences can lead to positive changes in thinking,” explained Kaufman．“Getting off the couch and jumping in the shower may create a distance and force you to think from a new point of view．”
Showering allows us to enjoy the creative juices of our minds, but it needn't just be the bathroom where you get your inspiration．For instance, Gertrude Stein, a female American writer and poet, got new ideas by driving around a farm and stopping at different cows until she found the one that most inspired her．So try to create your own way to free your mind, whether it's a walk near the ocean, a country drive or reading a book at home．
1.According to the article, what changes can showering cause?
A．Bringing the terrible moment to us．
B．Increasing the level of dopamine．
C．Leading to boredom or tiredness．
D．Setting the creative part of the brain free．
2.If one has focused on something all day, showering can help _______．
A．turn one’s attention inwards
B．draw one’s attention to the outside world
C．one make an important breakthrough
D．many chemical changes to take place
3.It can be inferred from the article that _______．
A．changes in the frequency of an action can create a new perspective
B．it is a good idea to talk with others about their sources of inspiration
C．our lives might feel longer and fuller if we frequently try new things
D．it is helpful to try something different rather than stay focused on a difficult task
4.The example of Gertrude Stein in the last paragraph is used to _______．
A．encourage readers to find their own ways of getting inspiration
B．point out to readers that it's hard to find inspiration
C．explain how to link inspiration with readers’ daily lives
D．show that creativity often comes from strange places
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科目：高中英語 來源：2016-2017學年河北定州高一上期中考試英語卷（解析版） 題型：短文改錯
假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉。
修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意：1．每處錯誤及其修改均限一詞。
2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。
Friendship is very importance. Everyone needs friendship. In all our lives we can’t live without friendship just as we can’t live without air and water. Friendship makes us getting on well with one another to go ahead under different kind of difficulties in the front of us. But real friendship is not easy to come by. True friendship must be sincerely and be based on understand each other but not on benefits of each other. A good friend can always be a good teacher to us. By his advices we are persuading to go the right way. Therefore more friends we have, the better we can improve ourselves.
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