Money spent on advertising is money spent as well as any I know of. It selves directly to bring about a rapid sale of goods at reasonable prices, so setting up a firm home market and so making it possible to provide for export at good prices. By drawing attention to new ideas it helps greatly to raise standards of living. By helping to increase demand it causes an increased need for labor, and is therefore a nice way to fight unemployment. It lowers the costs of many services: without advertisements your daily newspaper would cost four times as much, the price of your television program would need to be doubled, and travel by bus or subway would cost more.
And perhaps most important of all, advertising provides a promise of reasonable value in the products and services you buy. Besides the fact that twenty-seven Acts of Parliament govern the terms of advertising, no regular advertiser dare promote a product that fails to live up to the promise of his advertisements. He might fool some people for a little while through misleading advertising. He will not do so for long, for the public has the good sense not to buy the poor article more than once. If you see an article frequently advertised, it is the proof I know that the article does what is promised for it, and that it has good value.
Advertising does more for the good of the public than any other force I can think of.
There is one more point I feel I ought to touch on. Recently I heard a well-known television person declare that he was against advertising because it persuades rather than informs. He was telling us the real difference. Of course advertising tries to persuade.
If its message were nothing but information, that would be difficult to get more people to buy, for even a detail such as the choice of the color of a shirt is a bit persuasive-advertising would be so boring that no one would pay any attention. But perhaps that is what the well-known television person wants.
【小題1】By the first sentence of the passage the writer means that .
| A．he is fairly familiar with the cost of advertising |
| B．everybody knows well that advertising is a waste of money |
| C．advertising costs more money than everything else |
| D．money spent on advertising is worth while |
| A．Getting greater fame. | B．Providing more jobs. |
| C．Raising living standards. | D．Reducing newspaper cost. |
| A．quite right in passing his judgment on advertising |
| B．interested in nothing but the buyer’s attention |
| C．correct in telling the difference between persuasion and information |
| D．obviously unfair in his views on advertising |
| A．advertising can seldom bring material benefit to man by providing information |
| B．advertising informs people of new ideas rather than wins them over |
| C．there is nothing wrong with advertising in persuading the buyer |
| D．the buyer is not interested in getting information from an advertisement |
【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】C
解析【小題1】主旨大意題。這句話可直譯為：將錢花在廣告上是我所知道的好的花錢方式之一。意為：將錢花在廣告上好或很值(worthwhile)。
該句的非比較級形式為：Money spent on advertising is money spent well.在該句中，any指任何一種好的花錢方式(any money spent well)；know of意為：知道，所了解到的。其實，該句所陳述的內容不僅是第一段的主題思想，也是全文旨在說明的問題。在第一段的其他部分，作者就列舉了合理的廣告帶來的諸多方面的益處。
A意為：他對廣告的價格了如指掌。這顯然不對。
B意為：眾人皆知做廣告很費錢(money consuming)，即：做廣告很貴。
C意為：像做其他事一樣，做廣告要花錢。
【小題2】細節題。
A意為：獲得更大知名度。這是原文所未提到的。原文第一段歷數了廣告所帶來的諸多益處。它直接有助于產品以合理價格迅速銷出(distribution)，在穩定國內市場(home market)的同時，使產品能以有競爭力(competitive)的價格出口進入國際市場；它給人以新的消費觀，從而大大地提高人們的生活標準；它增加了市場需求(demand)，擴大了勞動力(labour)市場，有效地擴大了就業。它使許多公共事業的服務價格低廉，因為，這些服務都可以利用登廣告所嫌的錢補貼其經營費用，這使得它們可以降低價格。
B與原文內容相符。
C意為：提高生活標準。與原文內容相符。
D與原文內容相符。
【小題3】作者態度題。文章第四段和第五段討論了一個反對廣告的著名電視工作者(television personality)的看法。他反對廣告的理由是：廣告是勸誘性的(persuade)，而不是客觀地提供信息(inform)，但是，作者認為：作這種區別有些過于細微了(excessively fine)，廣告當然要勸誘人們。即使在很小的方面，也很難做到只局限于(confine... to)客觀地提供信息，而且，那樣的話，廣告就失去了吸引力，沒人會注意它。由此可見，在作者看來，廣告的這兩方面很難嚴格地區別開來，二者是有機地結合在一起的，不能顧此失彼。
A意為：準確地表達了他對廣告的評價。這里，pass意為：表述，表達，提出。
B意為：只關心消費者的注意力。這里，nothing but意為：只有，除……之外都不。
C意為：區分勸誘與信息提供是有道理的。這里，tell the difference意為：區分，區別。
【小題4】推斷題。作者認為，毫無疑問，廣告會勸誘消費者。它不僅是這樣，而且應該是這樣，否則，廣告便失去了吸引力而沒人看了。
A是不對的。正如第三段所指出的，廣告給社會(community)帶來的物質利益(material benefit)比其他形式都大。
B意為：廣告應給人以新的（消費）觀念，而不在于說服人。這里，win over意為：說服，爭取；rather than意為：而不是。可見，所表達的內容與原文中作者表達的觀點相反。
D意為：消費者不關心廣告所提供的信息。這與作者的觀點也不同，作者僅是說：廣告不能僅局限于提供客觀信息，否則，就無法吸引消費者。參閱第53題題解。
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
As a professor at a large American university, there is a phrase that I often hear from students: “I’m only a 1,050.” The unlucky students are speaking of the score on the Schoolastic Aptitude Test (SAT), which is used to determine whether they will be admitted to the college or university of their choice, or even if they have a chance to get a higher education at all. The SAT score, whether it is 800, 1,100 or 1,550, has become the focus at his time of their life.
It is obvious that if students value highly their test scores, then a great amount of their self-respect is put in the number. Students who perform poorly in the exam are left feeling that it is all over.The low test score, they think, will make it impossible for them to get into a good college. And without a degree from a prestigious university, they fear that many of life’s doors will remain forever closed.
According to a study done in the 1990s, the SAT is only a reliable indicator of a student’s future performance in most cases. Interestingly, it becomes much more accurate when it is set together with other indicators--like a student’s academic proficiency(學業水平).They will never be able to test things like confidence, efforts and willpower, and are unable to give us the full picture of a student’s potentialities. This is not to suggest that we should stop using SAT scores in our college admission process. The SAT is an excellent test in many ways, and the score is still a useful means of testing students. However, it should be only one of the many methods used.
The purpose of the SAT is to test students’ _________.
A. strong will
B. academic ability
C. full potentialities
D. confidence in school work
Students’ self-respect is influenced by their_______.
A. scores in the SAT
B. achievements in mathematics
C. job opportunities
D. money spent on education
“ A prestigious university” in para.2 is most probably _______.
A. a famous school
B. a technical school
C. a traditional school
D. an expensive school
The passage is mainly about_______________.
A. how to prepare for the SAT
B. stress caused by the SAT
C. American higher education
D. the SAT and its effects
What is the writer’s attitude towards the SAT?
A. Subjective
B. Objective
C. Critical
D. Approving
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Vegetable gardening is the relaxing art and science of turning a love for growing plants into a worthwhile activity.
Vegetable gardeners agree that many home-grown vegetables picked at their best are superior to those vegetables purchased from markets. From spring through late fall, a well-planned and well-kept garden can prove a supply of fresh vegetables, thus increasing the nutrition of the family diet. Freezers make it possible to keep some of the vegetables to be enjoyed at a later date. Other vegetables can be stored for a few months in a cool area.
Having vegetables in the backyard makes home gardening appealing(吸收人的) for many people. In addition, vegetable gardening provides exercise and fun for both urban and suburban families.
Although the money spent for a garden may be little, one cannot escape the fact that gardening requires hard work and time. Many of the gardening tasks must be performed at times that are most inconvenient. Not doing jobs that should be done on a regular basis may result in failure and a negative feeling toward gardening.
One should not plant a garden that is too large for him to care for. A small, well-kept garden is more enjoyable and profitable than a large neglected one. Vegetables do well in full sunlight and need at least five or six hours of sun during the middle of the day. Too much shading results in poor plants and few vegetables. If possible, the garden should be near the house so the gardener can work in it at odd moments.
Soils for vegetables should be easily broken up and porous(能滲透的) for quick water drainage and good aeration(透氣). A deep, fine, sandy good quality soil is best.
Usually the hoe owner has little choice in the soil type he can choose. Fortunately, many vegetables can be grown on poor soils if the soils are properly prepared.
Home-grown vegetables ___________.
A．can remain standing for a long time and need not be picked immediately.
B．have to be eaten as soon as they are picked
C．sell well in the market because of their good quality
D．picked at the right moment are more nutritious than those bought from the market.
Vegetables gardening is appealing for many people because ___________.
A．it requires little money
B．it is enjoyable and profitable
C．they can work in the vegetable garden at odd moments
D．it provides vegetables for the family all the year round.
The author suggests that an ideal vegetable garden ___________.
A．should be sunny B．should be within walking distance
C．should be large-sized D．should consist of sandy soil
Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
A．Vegetable Gardening, an Escape from Boredom
B．An Ideal Vegetable Garden
C．Vegetable Gardening, a Worthwhile Activity
D．The Best Soil for Growing Vegetables
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Every day millions of letters go from one country to another. Letters mailed in Italy are received in Japan. Letters mailed in Canada are received in Africa. On the letters are many different kinds of stamps，bought in different countries．
The Universal Postal Union helps each letter get to the right place as quickly as possible. It sets up rules about the size and weight of letters，postcards，and small packages（包裹）. It has rules that all countries must follow about international postal rates（費用）．
One hundred years ago，international mail did not move so smoothly. One country did not always accept another country’s letters. Letters from some countries were too large to fit into the mailboxes of other countries. Letters travelled by many different routes（路線）．Some were lost along the way．
Sometimes the person who sent the letter could pay only part of the postage. The person receiving the letter had to pay the rest．
The United States was the first to suggest that all countries work together to settle the questions of international mail. In 1974，men from twenty-four countries met in Switzerland to form the Universal Postal Union．Today，more than 120 nations belong to this union. From its office in Switzerland，the union helps the mail to move safely and quickly around the world．
【小題1】From the story we can infer that ＿＿＿＿＿＿．
| A．mail is important to all countries |
| B．not enough letters are sent all over the world |
| C．all the letters must go to Switzerland first |
| D．all stamps look exactly the same |
| A．to help move mail quickly around the world |
| B．to give many men a chance to work |
| C．to help men meet in Switzerland |
| D．to look for the lost letters along the way |
| A．money paid when you buy a stamp |
| B．money spent on an envelope |
| C．the charge for carrying a letter by post |
| D．the pay a postman receives for his work |
| A．different kinds of stamps in different countries | B．an organization that makes rules |
| C．international mail | D．the size and weight of letters |
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When you are little, it’s not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I addressed delegates at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child,” I told them .“Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on ending poverty and finding environment answers, what a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to fight with others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to share, not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do ? You grown-ups say you love us, but I challenge you, please, to make your actions reflect your words.”
I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation. Some of the delegates even cried. I thought that maybe I had reached some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激勵) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I’ve sat through many more conferences, I’m not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual’s voice to reach them has been deeply shaken.
When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I’m learning that as we have to make choices — education, career, lifestyle — life gets more and more complicated. We are beginning to feel pressure to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is in progress, but aren’t taught how to pursue a happy, healthy or sustainable(可持續的) way of living. And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and innocent.
Today I’m no longer a child, but I’m worried about what kind of environment my children will grow up in. I know change is possible, because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, but if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the positive tide of change.
1.The purpose of what the writer said at the age of 12 was to _____.
A. end poverty and make school beautiful
B. find environmental answers and keep the words that they always told themselves
C. end poverty and solve the problems about environment
D. find a wonderful place and clean it up
2.What does the underlined word “ovation” in the second paragraph refer to _____.
A. a long period of laughing ?????????????
B. a warm welcome
C. an expression used for greeting ?????????????
D. a long period of clapping and applause
3.It becomes clear that the writer is possibly _____ now.
A. in his teens
B. in his twenties? ????????????? ?????????????
C. in his thirties ????????????? ?????????????
D. in his forties
4.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. the writer thinks what he thought at the age of 12 is mature.
B. the writer’s children will certainly live in an ideal environment.
C. the writer’s confidence in the people in power has deeply shaken their voice.
D. the writer’s belief does not change when he grows up.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010年江西省新余市高一上學期期中考試英語卷 題型：閱讀理解
Every day millions of letters go from one country to another. Letters mailed in Italy are received in Japan. Letters mailed in Canada are received in Africa. On the letters are many different kinds of stamps，bought in different countries．
The Universal Postal Union helps each letter get to the right place as quickly as possible. It sets up rules about the size and weight of letters，postcards，and small packages（包裹）. It has rules that all countries must follow about international postal rates（費用）．
One hundred years ago，international mail did not move so smoothly. One country did not always accept another country’s letters. Letters from some countries were too large to fit into the mailboxes of other countries. Letters travelled by many different routes（路線）．Some were lost along the way．
Sometimes the person who sent the letter could pay only part of the postage. The person receiving the letter had to pay the rest．
The United States was the first to suggest that all countries work together to settle the questions of international mail. In 1974，men from twenty-four countries met in Switzerland to form the Universal Postal Union．Today，more than 120 nations belong to this union. From its office in Switzerland，the union helps the mail to move safely and quickly around the world．
1.From the story we can infer that ＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．
A. mail is important to all countries
B. not enough letters are sent all over the world
C. all the letters must go to Switzerland first
D. all stamps look exactly the same
2.The Universal Postal Union was formed ___________________ .
A. to help move mail quickly around the world
B. to give many men a chance to work
C. to help men meet in Switzerland
D. to look for the lost letters along the way
3.The underlined word “postage” in this passage means __________ .
A. money paid when you buy a stamp
B. money spent on an envelope
C. the charge for carrying a letter by post
D. the pay a postman receives for his work
4.This passage is mainly about ______________ .
A. different kinds of stamps in different countries B. an organization that makes rules
C. international mail D. the size and weight of letters
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