Question

Generations of Americans have been brought up to believe that a good breakfast is essential to one’s life. Eating breakfast at the start of the day, we have been told, and told again, is as necessary as putting gasoline in the family car before starting a trip.

But for many people, the thought of food as the first thing in the morning is never a pleasure. So in spite of all the efforts, they still take no breakfast. Between 1977 and 1983, the latest year for which figures could be obtained, the number of people who didn’t have breakfast increased by 33%—from 8.8 million to 11.7 million—according to the Chicago-based Market Research Corporation of America.

For those who dislike eating breakfast, however, there is some good news. Several studies in the last few years have shown that, for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting (省略) breakfast. “Going without breakfast does not affect work,” said Arnold E. Bender, former professor of nutrition at Queen Elizabeth College in London, “nor does giving people breakfast improve work.”

Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly little, and most of the recent work involves children, not grown-ups. “The literature,” says one researcher, Dr Earnest Polite at the University of Texas, “is poor.”

1. For those who do not take breakfast, the good news is that _______.

A. several studies have been done in the past few years

B. eating little in the morning is good for health

C. the omission of breakfast has little effect on one’s work

D. grown-ups have especially made studies in this field

2. The sentence in paragraph 3 “nor does giving people breakfast improve work” means _______.

A. people without breakfast can improve their work

B. having breakfast does not improve work, either

C. not giving people breakfast improves work

D. people having breakfast do improve their work, too

3. The word "literature" in the last sentence refers to _______.

A. stories, poems, play, etc

B. the films about the breakfast

C. newspaper articles or novels

D. written works on a topic

4. What is implied in the passage is that _______.

A. Breakfast does not affect work

B. Dr Polite works at Market Research Corporation

C. Not eating breakfast might affect the health of children

D. Professor Bender once taught college courses in nutrition in Chicago

5. The main idea of the passage is that _______.

A. breakfast has nothing to do with people’s health

B. breakfast is not as important as we thought before

C. breakfast is not as important to us as gasoline to a car

D. a good breakfast used to be important to us

Answer 1

1.C

2.B

3.D

4.C

5.B

【解析】

試題分析：本文主要圍繞早餐的重要性展開。最新研究表明，對于成人而言，早餐不會對他們造成很大的影響，而對孩子來說，還沒有證據表明不會對他們造成影響，因此，還是應該堅持吃早餐。

1.第三段中提到several studies have shown that for grown-ups especially, there may be nothing wrong with omitting breakfast. 有研究表明對于成人來說，不吃早餐不會對他們造成太大的影響，這就是好消息，選C。

2.這是Arnold E. Bender教授提出的觀點，without breakfast does not affect work,nor does giving people breakfast improve work.這里Nor表示“也不，也沒有”不吃早餐不會降低工作效率，當然也不會提高工作效率。所以選B

3.推理題。最后一段中可以看出the literature與前面的scientific evidence相呼應，因此literature is poor是代指前面提到的關于不吃早餐不會影響兒童健康這一觀點的學術文獻很少。因此選D“專題作品”

4.最后一段中Scientific evidence linking breakfast to better health or better work is surprisingly little, and most of the recent work involves children, not grown-ups. 在針對兒童展開的調查中，很少有證據證明不吃早餐對他們的身體健康不會產生影響，換言之，則是不吃早餐對孩子的健康是有可能會有影響的。因此選C

5.文章提出研究表明，對成人而言，不吃早餐不會對他們的工作身體造成太大的影響。這與我們以往所認為的觀點不同。所以提出早餐并沒有我們以前認為的那么重要。

考點：考查議論文閱讀