Question

閱讀理解 　　In the atmosphere, carbon dioxide allows the sun’s rays to enter but prevents the heat from escaping．According to a weather expert’s prediction, the atmosphere will be warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate．If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and severely flooding coastal cities．Also, the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere． 　　In the past, concern about a man－made warming of the earth has concentrated on the Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet．But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty years from the burning of fuels．Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing．The evidence suggests that a warming has taken place．This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth． 　　However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern part of the earth, where temperatures seem to be falling．Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man．The question is：Which natural cause has most effect on the weather? 　　One possibility is the behavior of the sun．Astronomers at one research station have studied the hot spots and “cold” spots, that is, the relatively less hot spots, on the sun．This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earth’s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation(循環)．The sun is also variable(可變的)over a long term．Its heat output(輸出)goes up and down in cycles．The latest trend being downward is on the way．But that is only a imagination． (1) The carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would _________． [　　] A． prevent the sun’s rays from reaching the earth’s surface B． mean a warming up in the Arctic C． account for great changes in the climate D． raise the temperature of the earth’s surface (2) The article was written to explain _________． [　　] A． the greenhouse effect B． the solar effects on the earth C． the solar weather D． the causes affecting weather (3) Although the fuel is greater in the northern part, temperatures there seem to be falling．This is _________． [　　] A． mainly because the carbon dioxide is rising B． possibly because the ice caps in the poles are melting C． due to the effect of the earth’s climate D． partly due to the activity of the sun (4) What does the underlined word exceeded mean? [　　] A． To be the same as． B． To be slower than． C． To be better than． D． To be bigger than．

Answer 1

答案：1．D;2．D;3．D;4．C;
解析：

(1)	文章第一段講到二氧化碳在大氣中就像溫室的玻璃屋頂一樣吸收太陽的光線并阻擋光熱的流失，文章第三段最后一句話又再次提到二氧化碳能使地球變熱的理論。因此，正確答案為D項。
(2)	全文講述的是影響天氣的諸多原因。選項A、B、C在文中均被提及但不足以概括全文的主旨，只有D項是比較全面的。
(3)	文章第三段提及這一現象時講到，科學家們認為：這一現象的產生是因為到目前為止自然界對天氣的影響要大于人類對天氣的影響。而究竟是哪種自然力量對天氣的影響最大呢?文章第四段第一句話給出了答案：其中一個可能就是太陽的不斷變動。D項與此意相符。
(4)	通過倒數第一段的This seems to have a greater effect on the distribution of the earth’s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation(循環)．看出自然界對天氣的影響要大于人類對天氣的影響。