Question

A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.  
Grimsvom is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes Grimsvom different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川）of ice up to 12 maters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer（層）of water between the glacier and the volcano This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable, As the water flows out from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava（巖漿）from the volcano then comes up to the surface. This is exactly what happened today.  
Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash. According to KLM. one of Europe’s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result in ash getting stuck in the airplane’s engines, causing damage to the plane.  
The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp. Glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash- covered grass to the sharp object.  
【小題1】What makes Grimsvom different from other volcanoes? 

A．It is below ice.	B．It lies under the sea
C．It is the largest volcano	D．It is lava affects the airlines

【小題2】What keeps Grimsvom still? 

A．The slow flow of water	B．The low water temperature
C．The thick glacier	D．The water pressure

【小題3】Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption? 

A．People stop traveling in Europe

B．Airlines suffer from the loss of planes

C．It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside

D．Farmers have lost many of their animals

【小題4】This text is most probably taken from_____ 

A．a(chǎn) research paper	B．a(chǎn) newspaper report
C．a(chǎn) class presentation	D．a(chǎn) geography textbook.

Answer 1

【小題1】A
【小題2】D
【小題3】C
【小題4】B

解析試題分析：本文主要介紹冰島火山爆發(fā)的影響，并解釋了冰島火山與其它的火山的差別。
【小題1】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段1,2行What makes Grimsvom different is that it lies under a huge glacier（冰川）of ice up to 12 maters thick說(shuō)明這座冰山和別的冰山不一樣的就在于它是謂語(yǔ)一個(gè)冰川之上的，故Ａ正確。
【小題2】D 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段4,5行This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable,說(shuō)明正是水的壓力讓這座冰山穩(wěn)固，故D正確。
【小題3】C 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后一段The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp. Glass-like rocks all over the countryside. Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash- covered grass to the sharp object.說(shuō)明對(duì)于動(dòng)物來(lái)說(shuō)出外面的東西已經(jīng)很危險(xiǎn)了，因?yàn)橥饷娴臇|西上都有火山灰了，故C項(xiàng)正確。
【小題4】B 推理題。本文主要介紹冰島火山爆發(fā)的影響，并解釋了冰島火山與其它的火山的差別，應(yīng)該是從一個(gè)新聞報(bào)告里摘錄而來(lái)的，故B正確。
考點(diǎn)：考查新聞報(bào)告類短文閱讀
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文以細(xì)節(jié)題的考查為主，細(xì)節(jié)題是針對(duì)文中某個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)、某句話或某部分具體內(nèi)容設(shè)置問(wèn)題，正確答案的根據(jù)一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改寫(xiě)往往成為正確選項(xiàng)。通常細(xì)節(jié)題的正確選項(xiàng)有以下特征：
1、對(duì)原文句子中的關(guān)鍵詞進(jìn)行替換。把原文中的一些詞換成意義相近的詞，成為正確選項(xiàng)。
2、詞性或者語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。把原文中的一些詞變換一下詞性，或者改變?cè)�文句子的語(yǔ)態(tài)，給考生制造障礙。
3、語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)化。把原文中的復(fù)雜語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)化，成為正確答案。
4、正話反說(shuō)。把原文中的意思反過(guò)來(lái)表達(dá)而成為正確選項(xiàng)(適用于尋找錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的題目)。