Question

The skin which covers the tips of the fingers and thumbs is crossed by numerous ridges (隆起) arranged in different patterns. These patterns are permanent from birth and remain exactly the same throughout a person's life, even when the skin becomes wrinkled and cracked as a result of old age. Such patterns are never passed on from parents to children, and no one in the world has the same patterns as anyone else. Even identical twins have different sets of fingerprints. As a result, fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way of identifying people. Any ridged part of the hand and the foot may be used as a means of identification, but finger impressions are usually preferred since they can be taken easily and quickly.

Fingerprints are classified in the ways: by general shapes and contours(輪廓), by the finger positions of the pattern-types, and by size (often measured by counting the ridges in the loops). Every set of fingerprints has different “ridge characteristics” (i. e. the print of each separate finger is different from that of all the other fingers), which belong to one of four basic groups: arches, loops, whorls and composites. All fingerprints can then be divided into 1, 024 groups. By using details in the patterns above, these 1, 024 groups can be further divided into thousands of smaller groups, thus making it possible to find a particular set of fingerprints in a few minutes.

1.According to this passage, the true statement about human fingerprints is that ____.

A．people's fingerprints sometimes can be passed on from parents to children

B．people’s fingerprints are unique but identical twins may have the same fingerprints

C．using fingerprints is the only way to identify people

D．people's fingerprints will not change in all their lives

2.We prefer to use fingerprints to identify people because ____.

A．we can never find the same set of fingerprints among human beings

B．finger impressions can be taken easily and quickly

C．fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way of identifying people

D．all of the above

3.The word “foolproof” (Line 7, Para. 1) most probably means ____.

A．that is permanent　                     B．that is acceptable

C．that can not go wrong　                  D．that is not foolish

4.About the classification of fingerprints, which is TRUE? ____.

A．Fingerprints can be classified in three ways

B．All fingerprints can be divided into 1, 024 groups and can not be divided further

C．It is not easy to find a particular set of fingerprints in a short time

D．People can not classify the fingerprints in an effective way

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.D

2.D

3.C

4.A

【解析】

試題分析：本文介紹了人的指紋，在人的一生中指紋是永遠不變的，所以指紋也成了很多是用來識別的方法，同時文章還介紹了指紋的分類方法等知識。

1.D 細節題。根據第一段2,3行These patterns are permanent from birth and remain exactly the same throughout a person's life說明人的指紋是永久不變的。故D項正確。

2.D 細節題。根據第一段后6行內容Such patterns are never passed on from parents to children, and no one in the world has the same patterns as anyone else. Even identical twins have different sets of fingerprints. As a result, fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way of identifying people. Any ridged part of the hand and the foot may be used as a means of identification, but finger impressions are usually preferred since they can be taken easily and quickly.說明ABC的三種表達都是人們使用指紋的原因，故D項正確。

3.C 推理題。根據5,6,7行no one in the world has the same patterns as anyone else. Even identical twins have different sets of fingerprints. As a result, fingerprints offer a most useful and foolproof way說明人的指紋終生不變，是一種不會出錯的辨別人的方式，故C項正確。

4.A 細節題。根據第二段前3行Fingerprints are classified in the ways: by general shapes and contours(輪廓), by the finger positions of the pattern-types, and by size (often measured by counting the ridges in the loops).說明我們可以使用3種方法來分類，故A項正確。

考點：考查科普類短文閱讀

點評：本文介紹了人的指紋，在人的一生中指紋是永遠不變的，所以指紋也成了很多是用來識別的方法，同時文章還介紹了指紋的分類方法等知識。此類文章的最大的障礙是詞匯以及考生對閱讀內容的不熟悉，需要考生在閱讀的時候有足夠的耐心，同上抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影響。要根據題目及選項以及文章的上下文串聯合理的判斷推理。