Question

In modem society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity．Others say that competition is bad, that it sets one person against another and that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self-worth relied(依賴)on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life-and-death affair. In their single-minded pursuit(追求)of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success .By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.’’ What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．
Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self-respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解)can we discover a new meaning in competition．
【小題1】What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self-respect．

B．Opinions about competition are different among people．

C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．

【小題2】Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It pushes society forward．

B．it builds up a sense of duty．

C．It improves personal abilities．

D．It encourages individual efforts．

【小題3】The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means________．

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who are against competition most strongly

D．those who rely on others most for success

【小題4】What is the similar belief of the true competitors and those with a “desire to fail”?

A．One’s worth lies in his performance compared with others’．

B．One’s success in competition needs great efforts．

C．One’s achievement is determined by his particular skills．

D．One’s success is based on how hard he has tried．

【小題5】Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Every effort should be paid back．

B．Competition should be encouraged．

C．Winning should be a life—and—death matter．

D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】A
【小題3】C
【小題4】A
【小題5】D

解析試題分析：本文主要講述的是人們對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度，有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的好處，也有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的壞處。
【小題1】B 主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段內(nèi)容可知本文主要講述的是人們對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度，有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的好處，也有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的壞處。故B正確。
【小題2】A 細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第一段第2句Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity說(shuō)明競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)導(dǎo)致社會(huì)的進(jìn)步和繁榮。故A正確。
【小題3】C 推理題。根據(jù)本句Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．句意說(shuō)明最反對(duì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的人是那些遭受到競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的壓力的人。故該詞是指C項(xiàng)正確。
【小題4】A 推理題。根據(jù)第3段4,5,6行Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success .By not trying，they always have an excuse：“I may have lost，but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.’’這些人不想努力，總個(gè)自己的不努力找理由，總是認(rèn)為自己如果自己努力了，就可以成功的。是指這些人把自己的情況放在別人的表現(xiàn)上。故A正確。
【小題5】D 推理題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．和Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve(緩解)can we discover a new meaning in competition．說(shuō)明我們不應(yīng)該對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有恐懼，要多參加這樣的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。才能提高自己。
考點(diǎn)：考查議論文閱讀
點(diǎn)評(píng)：本文主要講述的是人們對(duì)于競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的態(tài)度，有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的好處，也有人認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)有很多的壞處。本文主旨鮮明,很容易在文中找到答案。做題時(shí)要注意文章的首段和每一段的首句或尾句，因?yàn)樗鼈兺�往就是文章的主題句。閱讀中要注意要點(diǎn)之間的關(guān)系。然后帶著問(wèn)題，再讀全文，找出答題所需要的依據(jù)，完成閱讀任務(wù)。