Question

(1)將碎蛋殼（主要成分是CaCO₃）浸泡在鹽酸中會生成一種能使澄清石灰水變渾濁的無色氣體。上述的兩個反應的離子方程式為：①                            

                             ②                                            

(2)我們常在熱水瓶中看到水垢，其主要成分是CaCO₃和Mg(OH)₂，要除去水垢，常用的方法是向瓶中加入稀醋酸將其溶解，其反應的離子方程式為①                     

                                ②                                        

(3)MgSO₄溶液中滴加少量氨水，其反應的離子方程式為                              

(4)請將下列離子方程式改寫為化學方程式：

① 2NH₄⁺ + Ba²⁺+ 2OH^- + SO₄^2- = BaSO₄↓+2NH₃·H₂O

                                                                         

② BaCO₃+ 2H⁺ = Ba²⁺+CO₂↑+H₂O

                                                                      

 

Answer 1

⑴① CaCO₃ + 2H⁺ = Ca²⁺+ CO₂↑+H₂O

② CO₂ + Ca²⁺ + 2OH^— =CaCO₃↓+ H₂O

⑵① CaCO₃ + 2CH₃COOH =Ca²⁺ + 2CH₃COO^—  +CO₂↑+H₂O

② Mg(OH)₂ + 2CH₃COOH =Mg²⁺ + 2CH₃COO^—  +2H₂O

⑶ Mg²⁺+2 NH₃·H₂O=Mg(OH)₂↓+2NH₄⁺

⑷ ① (NH₄)₂SO₄+ Ba(OH)₂ = BaSO₄↓+2 NH₃·H₂O

② BaCO₃ + 2HCl = BaCl₂+ H₂O + CO₂↑（其他合理答案也可）（各2分）

解析:略