Question

People with disabilities make up a large part of the population. It is reported that over 35 million Americans have physical, mental, or other disabilities. About half of these disabilities are “developmental", that is to say, they happen before people’s twenty-second birthday, often from born conditions, and are hard enough to affect three or more areas of development, such as movement, communication, occupation, etc. Most other disabilities are considered “adventitious" (偶然的), i.e., accidental or caused by outside forces.
Before the 20th century, only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long. Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable. Improvements in medicine and social services have created a climate in which people with disabilities can expect to have such basic (基本的) needs as food, shelter, and medical treatment. Unluckily, these basics are often not available. Human rights such as the right to vote, marry, get an education, and achieve work have traditionally been not agreed on the basis of disability.
In recent ten years, the disability rights movement has been organized to fight against these disagreements of human rights. Congress(國會) replied by passing important laws recognizing(承認) people with disabilities as a protected group under human rights laws.
It is reported that more than half of qualified(有資格的) Americans with disabilities don’t have work, and a lot of those who do work are out of work. About two-thirds live at or below the official lowest level.
Obvious difficulties, especially in communication and public awareness(意識), prevent disabled people from taking part in society. For example, while no longer stopped by law from marrying, a person unable to communicate is excluded(排斥) from society and social activities which might lead to the development of long-term relationships.
Only when public attitudes(態度) advance as far as laws have, disabled people will be fully able to take their rightful place in society.
【小題1】. A “developmental" disability ______.

A．is caused by forces

B．happens in youth and affects development

C．develops very slowly over time

D．is getting harder and harder

【小題2】Most disabled people used to die early because ______.

A．they were not very well looked after

B．disabilities destroyed body functions terribly

C．they were too poor to get right treatment

D．medical treatment were not available

【小題3】 The sentence “Still today, people with disabilities must fight to live their lives freely.” should be placed at the beginning of Paragraph _________.

A．One	B．Two
C．Three	D．Four

【小題4】Which of the following cannot be inferred（推斷）from the passage ?

A．The public tend to(傾向) look down on the disabled people.

B．Many disabled people may remain single(保持單身) for their whole life.

C．The disabled people feel inferior(不及) to those common people.

D．Discriminatory(歧視性) laws prevent the disabled from mixing with others.

【小題5】 The best title for this passage might be ______.

A．The Causes for Disabilities

B．Medical Treatments for Disabilities

C．The physical difficulties of the Disabled

D．Disadvantages of People with Disabilities

Answer 1

【小題1】B
【小題2】D
【小題3】D
【小題4】D
【小題5】D

解析試題分析：這篇短文主要介紹了殘疾人占人口的很大一部分。殘疾人和正常人相比存在許多的劣勢，如選舉權，接受教育，結婚，工作等方面。只有公眾的態度像法律一樣進步，殘疾人才能完全擁有他們在社會上的權利和地位。
【小題1】細節理解題。根據短文第一段About half of these disabilities are “developmental", that is to say, they happen before people’s twenty-second birthday, often from born conditions, and are hard enough to affect three or more areas of development, such as movement, communication, occupation, etc.。發展性的殘疾往往在22歲之前發生，經常是從出生就殘疾，對三個或更多方面的發展是有影響的，像移動，交流，職業等。故選B。
【小題2】細節理解題。根據第二段Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable.故選D。
【小題3】推理判斷題。根據句意，今天殘疾人仍然要為 自由生活而斗爭，因為從第四段之后都是描述殘疾人沒能像正常人以一樣去工作等。故選D。
【小題4】是非判斷題。根據短文描述可知沒有提及法律方面對殘疾人的歧視，故選D。
【小題5】歸納理解題。根據短文的主旨大意，殘疾人雖然努力爭取自的權利，但是他們仍然在許多方面不及正常人，故選D，殘疾人的劣勢。
考點：社會現象類短文閱讀。