Question

Some students like to translate(翻譯) when they practice speaking English. Translation is a very difficult exercise. During a conversation, we don’t really have time to translate what we understand. When we use translation, we don’t develop the necessary reflexes (反應能力) needed to speak and understand a foreign language. It is important to build up reflexes right from the beginning. It will help you later when your skills are good enough to take a conversation.
Here is some advice on how to build up reflexes when you only have basic words and grammar.
Relax!
No one is checking you except yourself! Look at each communication experience as an adventure. Try to relax first when you speak English. You will pick up on small details.
Context(上下文) is your friend.
What is context？ It means the situation in which something happens and that helps to understand it. (2)We can make good guesses about what is being said by using the context. It will be easy when you think about the context. You will feel much more comfortable and confident if you remember that.
Ask questions what you want to know.
After you have proudly asked for tickets at the train station, the booking-office clerk (售票員) spoke a long sentence to you about the place and the time. You may be a little unclear or have only understood a part of it. However, you can ask questions about what you want to know, such as, “Did you say…?” and “Would you repeat that more slowly?”. So that you can easily move the communication forward. Use body language.
Use body language to go with your words when you __(1)___ to learn a __(1)_____ language. The person you are speaking to only wants to understand you and will be carefully listening to you. As you become more proficient (熟練的) in your second language, you will depend(依靠) more on the language and less on body language. But there is no shame for a beginner.

小題1: 在(1)處的空白處分別填入一個適當的詞使句意完整、上下文通順。
________  __________
小題2: 將(2)句譯成中文。
_______________________________________________________________________________
小題3:回答問題： What does the writer want us to do first when we speak English?
_______________________________________________________________________________
小題4: 在文中找出與 Maybe you didn’t hear clearly or understand all of it.意思相同或相近的句子，
并將它寫在答題卡上。
_______________________________________________________________________________
小題5: 在文中找出最能表達該短文主題的句子，并將它寫在答題紙上。
_______________________________________________________________________________

Answer 1

小題1:begin, second/foreign
小題2:我們可以通過上下文（語境）來很好的猜測到說的內容/說的話/說了什么。
小題3:He wants us to relax first. /To relax.
小題4:You may be a little unclear or have only understood a part of it.
小題5:Here is some advice on how to build up reflexes when you only have basic words or grammar.

試題分析：這篇短文講述的是在說英語的時候，有些同學會把英語翻譯出來，但是在真正與人對話的時候，我們沒有時間去翻譯。在我們只具備基本詞匯和語法的情況下，如何跟別人對話，如何說英語，作者在這方面給了我們一些建議。
小題1:句意：當你剛開始學習外語的時候，使用身體語言來輔助你的表達。begin開始，是一個動詞；a  second/foreign language 外語。根據句意可知填begin 和second/foreign。
小題2:這句話中context的意思是上下文，語境，by using the context 通過上下文；make good guesses很好的猜測；what is being said是what引導的一個賓語從句，意思是說了什么，所說的內容。
小題3:根據短文中作者給出的第一條建議try to relax first when you speak English.可知，在我們說英語的時候，首先要盡可能的放松。故這個題目的答案是To relax。
小題4:句意：或許你沒有聽清楚，或者沒有完全理解。它和短文中You may be a little unclear or have only understood a part of it.這句話意思相同。句中的unclear 不清楚的；a part of 一部分。
小題5:這篇短文中作者關于我們在只知道一些基本詞匯和語法的情況下如何說英語給了我們一些建議。短文中的第一段因此了話題，第二段的這句話是全文的中心句，從下面開始就是具體的建議。故這篇短文的主題句就是第二段的這句話Here is some advice on how to build up reflexes when you only have basic words or grammar。