Question

London used to be “foggy” for the same reason that cities like Beijing or Chongqing are “foggy” today. The “fog” was in fact smog, a mixture of smoke and fog. In other words, it was made by air pollution. In London, some of this pollution came from factories, but much of it came from the coal (煤) that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter. By the 1950s, London’s smog problem had become so bad that the government decided to do something to clean the air. A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city. Within a few years, the air became much cleaner. There were no more “pea-soupers”.
Many Chinese cities now face the same sort of problem with air pollution that London faced 40 or 50 years ago. However, this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve. One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories, rather than from coal burnt in people’s houses. If these factories were closed, this would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs. Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料), like gas, is quite expensive.
However, the air in many Chinese cities is becoming cleaner and cleaner, as the government and people pay more and more attention to cutting down pollution. As a result, there are fewer “pea-soupers” in Beijing than there used to be.
小題1:What was the main reason for air pollution in London?

A．There was too much smoke in the sky.

B．There were too many factories in the city.

C．People burnt too much coal in the houses.

D．The city was too big for the cleaners to clean.

小題2:How did the air in London become much cleaner?

A．There was not so much fog in the winter later.

B．A law was made to keep people from burning coal in their houses.

C．Many factories in the city were closed.

D．People paid more attention to cleaning their city.

小題3:What does the underlined word “pea-soupers” refer to?

A．Smog.

B．Smoke.

C．Gas.

D．Coal.

小題4:The problem of air pollution is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve because of _____ reasons.

A．one

B．two

C．three

D．four

小題5:Which sentence is NOT true?

A．Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing.

B．Using coal is much more expensive than using gas.

C．Factories made much more pollution in China.

D．The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different.

Answer 1

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:A
小題4:B
小題5:B

試題分析：倫敦曾經被稱為霧都，現在中國像北京、重慶這樣的大城市也開始有霧霾了。污染一來自工廠二來自公民用煤， 中國的大城市主要是因為前者，而英國則是后者。中國還不能治理，因為工廠關閉意味著很多人失業。隨著政府和公民在清潔空氣方面的不斷努力，空氣變得越來越干凈了。
小題1:細節理解題。根據In London, some of this pollution came from factories, but much of it came from the coal (煤) that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter.。可知，倫敦的污染大部分來自冬天人們為了取暖而燒的煤。故選C。
小題2:細節理解題。根據A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city.可知，英國政府制定了新的法律，在英國任何一個城市沒有人可以燒煤。故選B。
小題3:詞義推測題。根據前一句的意思，任何人不得燃煤的規定執行幾年后，英國的空氣變得干凈多了。可知本句的意思是：空氣干凈了，不再有一開始提到的煙霧了。故選A。
小題4:細節理解題。根據，中國的城市污染不能解決的原因有二。一、更多的污染來自工廠；二、煤改清潔燃料的費用太貴了。故選B。
小題5:細節理解題。題目要求我們判斷不正確的描述。A. Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing.空氣污染在北京和重慶很嚴重；文章第一句話就提到了；B. Using coal is much more expensive than using gas. 用煤比用氣貴得多。根據Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel (燃料), like gas, is quite expensive.可知，把煤改成像氣那樣的燃料太貴了。所以與事實不符。C. Factories made much more pollution in China.在中國工廠的污染更多。根據文章第二段可知，工廠的污染大，又沒有辦法關閉，因為很多人會失業；所以C的陳述正確；D. The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different.倫敦和北京的污染不一樣。倫敦的污染是因為市民取暖用煤；北京的污染是因為工廠的原因。所以不一樣。陳述正確。故選B。