One of the most famous scientists to study adaptations(適應能力) was Charles Darwin(達爾文). He was born in England in 1809. He wasn’t the best student in his school, but when he was 16, his father sent him to a medical school. Charles liked spending time outdoors observing(觀察) nature more than having medical classes. He dropped out without graduating.
Next, Charles’ father sent him to school to become a minister(牧師). This time he made it to graduation, but he didn’t want to do the work of a minister. His friends encouraged him to follow his interest in science.
Luckily, Charles was invited to sail on the Beagle as an unpaid scientist after graduation. The Beagle was to travel to South America and then around the world. Their task was to make maps of the places they visited.
On December 27th, 1831. Charles Darwin sailed from England on the Beagle. The trip was planned to last two years. In fact, it lasted five. During this time, he saw many amazing things. He collected lots of plants and animals and took them back to England to begin his scientific study.
Twenty-three years later, Darwin published a scientific paper with another man named Wallace. Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring(后代). Darwin’s ideas about adaptations are still very important to the study of living things.
【小題1】Darwin was very interested in ____________.
| A．having medical classes | B．the work of a minister |
| C．sailing around the world | D．science and nature |
| A．five | B．four |
| C．three | D．two |
| A．twenty | B．twenty-three |
| C．forty-five | D．fifty |
| A．adaptations | B．Darwin and Wallace |
| C．animals | D．Darwin’s ideas |
【小題1】D
【小題2】A
【小題3】D
【小題4】A
解析試題分析：這篇文章講述了達爾文的生命歷程，以及他對科學和自然的熱愛使他在50歲的時候，完成了生物適者生存的論文。
【小題1】細節題。根據文章Charles liked spending time outdoors observing(觀察) nature more than having medical classes.可知，達爾文對科學和自然感興趣。故選D
【小題2】細節題。根據文章In fact, it lasted five.可知，《比格爾》的航行了五年。故選A
【小題3】細節題。根據文章可知，1831年他開始隨船航行，在航行了5年之后，他花費為了23年的時間也就是1859年完成了一篇科學論文，可知，那時候他已經50歲了。故選D
【小題4】細節題。根據文章Darwin described how some animals have adaptations that help them survive. They are passed on to offspring(后代).可知，達爾文描述了一些動物是如何適應環境，幫助它們生存下來，那種適應能力傳遞了后代。所以，they指代的是適應能力。故選A
考點：人物傳記類說明文
點評：本文的思路清晰，結構明確。首先對文章的大致意思進行了解。初三英語閱讀多為細節題，考察學生的信息捕捉能力。對于細節題，學生在理解全文的基礎上要對題目中關鍵字在文章中迅速定位，找到相對應的出處，答題比較備選答案的區別及和文章信息最相關的是哪個，即那個就為正確答案。
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完形填空
You may not know how his magic tricks work . But that’s why they are so much fun ! American magician(魔術師) David Copperfield is coming back to China. He’s going to show everyone, young and old, ___1______ cool, new magic tricks.
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Copperfield began studying magic when he was a child . At the ___5______ of 12 , he was the youngest person to be in the Society of American Magicians (全美魔術家協會).
And now , he is famous all over the world . In 1983, he made the Statue of Liberty in New York go away ___6______ a few minutes . In 1986, he walked through the Great Wall in Beijing!
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| A．we can get enough water by harvesting |
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| C．we can practice rainwater harvesting in a small way |
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【小題1】Children like rainbows because .
| A．they are beautiful |
| B．they are like bows |
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| D．they are good to crops |
| A．a pot of gold | B．a flower | C．a rainbow | D．a raindrop |
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| B．A rainbow is the effect of light shining on raindrops. |
| C．Every rainbow has different colours in different orders. |
| D．A rainbow is one of the wonders of nature. |
| A．yellow | B．red | C．green | D．blue |
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| A．much bigger and few people will use it |
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| D．fruit and vegetables; meat |
| A．do the dangerous work |
| B．do all the work |
| C．do only housework |
| D．do the easy work for people |
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