SECTION B
Directions：Read the following passage．Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and the required words limit．Write your answers on your answer sheet.
According to the sociologists, there are several different ways in which a person may become recognized as the leader of a social group. In the family, traditional cultural patterns confer (贈與) leadership on one or both of the parents. In other cases, such as friendship groups, one or more persons may gradually emerge (顯現) as leaders, although there is no formal process of selection. In larger groups, leaders are usually chosen formally through election or recruitment.
Although leaders are often thought to be people with unusual personal ability, decades of research have failed to produce consistent（可靠的）evidence that there is any category of “natural leaders”. It seems that there is no set of personal qualities that all leaders have in common; rather, virtually (actually) any person may be recognized as a leader if the person has qualities that meet the needs of that particular group.
Research suggests that there are typically two different leadership roles that are held by different individuals. Instrumental leadership is leadership that emphasizes the completion of tasks by a social group. Group members look to instrumental leaders to “get things done”. Expressive (有表現力的) leadership, on the other hand, is leadership that emphasizes the collective（集體的）well beings of a social group’s members. Expressive leaders are less concerned with the overall goals of the group than with providing emotional support to group members and attempting to minimize (將……減到最少) tension and conflict among them.
Instrumental leaders are likely to have a rather secondary relationship to other group members. They give orders and may discipline group members who prevent attaining the group’s goals. Expressive leaders cultivate（培養）a more personal or primary relationship to others in the group. They offer sympathy when someone experiences difficulties and try to resolve issues that threaten to divide the group. As the difference in these two roles suggest, expressive leaders generally receive more personal affection from group members; instrumental leaders, if they are successful in achieving group goals, may enjoy a more distant respect.
81. How are leaders usually chosen? (不超過12個單詞)
__________________________________________________________
82. What do expressive leaders generally focus on? （不超過5個詞）
__________________________________________________________
83. What kind of person may be considered a leader according to the writer? (不超過17個單詞)
__________________________________________________________
84. What does the passage mainly discuss? （不超過8個詞）
__________________________________________________________
81. Formally through election or recruitment.
82. Making sure of harmonious relationships / Ensuring harmonious relationships.
83. Any person who has qualities meeting the needs of that particular group.
84. The roles of leaders in social groups / Two different leadership roles.
【解析】略
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Section B (18 marks)
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
Behind our house is the start of a fascinating trail (小徑). This trail is one of the old roads that wind through untold miles of forest. My 36 , Beans, and I walk the trail frequently. Normally, Beans sniffs alongside the trail to follow the smell of a deer track or 37 some cause known only to him.
Beans is a white dog, quite handsome and very 38 . He not only understands what
we tell him, but also often makes sounds as if he were trying to 39 back.
One morning, we took a different route, which led us to an unfamiliar trail. I was sure this trail would eventually lead us to our familiar 40 . But, no. We seemed to be far off course. After two hours, I suddenly realized that Beans probably 41 the way home. So I urged, "Beans, take me home." He ran down a new trail. But it merely led to an intersection (岔道口) of trails.
Soon it became 42 that we were getting nowhere. I began to picture the rest of the day in the 43 , without food or drink. We had walked about ten miles. But Beans seemed totally 44 . The sniffing and exploring was going well for him.
Finally, we 45 a crossroad near a highway. Lady Luck suggested I should turn left. We did and 46 reached a cottage beside a field. I knocked on the door and explained my situation to an old man. He laughed and then drove us home.
Since our adventure, I 47 that Beans probably knew all along how to get home.
He was just having too much fan exploring new trails.
36. A. deer B. dog C. lady D. man
37. A. imagine B. consider C. explore D. present
38, A. smart B. sweet C. slow D. shy
39. A. turn B. kick C. jump D. speak
40. A. driveway B. path C. crossroad D. highway
41. A. knew B. saw C. showed D. made
42. A, mysterious B. ridiculous C. fascinating D. apparent
43. A. house B. forest C. field D. cottage
44. A. unconcerned B. unconscious C. undecided D. uncomfortable
45. A. left for B. went off C. came to D. drove toward
46. A. punctually B. frequently C. formally D. shortly
47. A. regretted B. remembered C. concluded D. confirmed
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科目：高中英語 來源：湖南省2010屆高考下學期適應性測試（一） 題型：完型填空
SECTION B
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C, and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.
It was early spring. The sun was strong and warm. I went over the hillside fields behind my village, 36 buntings and linnets, the birds I loved most.
I turned along a bush between two fields where I had seen the birds before, but on this fine day almost the first birds that I saw were winter visitors. I was 37 not to see a bunting straightaway, but I went on, stopping occasionally to look at the black-thorn (黑刺李) flowers in the bush, and 38 I did hear a bunting singing. Or was it? Was I not perhaps turning a note of skylark (云雀) song into that of the song I was hoping to hear?
But the bunting’s songwas prettyclear, andwithin afew minutesI was proved
39 . The song was coming from the bush, and as I approached 40 I saw the brown bird resting in a small tree. It opened its mouth, and 41 once more. Then it flew off. It was the only one I saw that day, but at least I had found one of the birds I had 42 .
It was not until I was on my way back home that I caught sight of some 43 . I saw five of them gathering on the ground when I was just coming back beside the
44 where I had found the bunting. As I came nearer, they flew up, spreading their tails so that their white edges 45 to look like a white fan in the sky. Then, to my
46 , some big pigeons suddenly came flying and joined the linnets. A moment later they had all 47 but I had fulfilled my hopes for the day.
36.A. looking at B. looking for C. looking up D. looking after
37.A. disappointed B. dismissed C. dissatisfied D. disturbed
38.A. directly B. gradually C. suddenly D. immediately
39.A. proper B. right C. useful D. true
40.A. sadly B. hurriedly C. proudly D. quietly
41.A. danced B. ate C. sang D. shouted
42.A. observed B. noticed C. expected D. described
43.A. linnets B. skylarks C. pigeons D. buntings
44.A. bush B. road C. grass D. black-thorn
45.A. widened B. enlarged C. lengthened D. expanded
46.A. knowledge B. pleasure C. amusement D. honour
47.A. gathered B. lost C. missed D. gone
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科目：高中英語 來源：岳陽市2010屆高三第四次質檢考試（英語）試題 題型：閱讀理解
Section B (10 points)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage and required words limit
What is eBay? The simple answer is that it is a global trading platform where nearly anyone can trade practically anything. People can sell and buy all kinds of products and goods. Including cars, movies and DVDs, sporting goods, travel tickets, musical instruments, clothes and shoes---the list goes on and on.
The idea came from Peter Omidyar, who was born in Paris and moved to Washington when he was still a child, at high school,he became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tuft University in 1988, He worked for the next few years as a computer engineer. In his free time he started Bay as a kind of hobby, at first offering the service free by word of mouth. By 1996 there was so much traffic on the website that he had to upgrade and he began charging a fee to members. Joined by a friend, Peter Skill, and in 1998 by his capable CEO, Meg Whitman, he has never looked back. Even in the great.com crashes of the late 1990s, eBay has gone from strength to strength. It is now one of the ten most visited online shopping websites on the Internet.
EBay sells connections, not goods, putting buyer and seller into contact with each other. All you have to do is to take an e-photo, write a description, fill out a sales form and you are in business; the world is your market place. Of course for each item sold eBay gets a percentage and that is a great deal of money. Every day there are more than sixteen million items listed on eBay and eighty percent of the items are sold.
1.According to the passage, what is eBay? (no more than 6 words)
2.How does eBay make money from its website? (no more than 10 words)
3. From the underlined sentence “he has never looked back”, what can we learn about Peter? (no more than 11 words)
4. What do you need to do if you want to start your business on eBay? (no more than 14 words)
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科目：高中英語 來源：上海市2009-2010學年高二5月月考英語試題 題型：選詞填空
Section B
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need
A. agree B. suffer C. system D. notice AB. through
AC. dangerous AD. space BC. limited BD. absorbs CD. let out
For years scientist have been worried about the effects of air pollution on the earth’s natural conditions. Some believe the air inside many houses may be more 41 than the air outside. It may be one hundred times worse.
Indoor air pollution can cause a person to feel tired, to 42 eye-pain, headache and other problems. Some pollutants can cause breathing disorders, diseases of blood and even cancer. Most scientists 43 that every modern house has some kind of indoor pollution. People began to 44 the problem in the early 1970s, when it was that builders began making houses and offices which did not waste energy. To do this they built buildings that 45 the flow of air between inside and outside. They also began using man-made building materials. These materials are now known to 46 harmful gases. As the problem became more serious, scientists began searching for a way to deal with it. They discovered a natural pollution control 47 for building green plants. Scientist do not really know how plants control air pollution. They believe that a plant’s leaves take in the pollutants. In exchange the plant produces oxygen 48 its leaves and through its tiny organizations on its roots. Scientists suggest that all buildings should have one large plant or several small plants inside for every nine square meters of space. Studies of different plants show that each 49 different chemicals. So the most effective way to clean the air is to use different kinds of plants. Having green plants inside your house can make it a prettier and healthier place.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2010-2011年廣東省梅州市高二下期末考試英語試題 題型：信息匹配
請閱讀下列某書店各書架的相關信息：
Section A: Do-It-Yourself Section---On these shelves customers can find the latest manuals on how to do everything from building a computer to constructing your own home.
Section B: Sports & Leisure Section--Stocks a large range of the latest books on your favorite sporting teams and events. Pick up the perfect Father's Day present here.
Section C: Humor Section--A great selection of joke books, funny stories and wonderful real life adventures that are sure to keep the reader laughing for days.
Section D: Business & Finance--Students, business people or anyone interested in the world of commerce are certain to find the book they are after here. We have special subsection for international trade and e-commerce.
Section E: Biography--Find out about the lives of your favorite sports stars, singers, actors and other famous people from today and the past. Learn what they had to go through to become successful and the effect it had on their lives.
Section F: Education--Has a huge range of textbooks and supplementary material covering all the major high school and university subjects. Buyers showing their student cards receive a 15% discount on all purchases from this section.
閱讀下列關于各書籍的信息，匹配書籍與其所應放置的書架：
1.The Delighted Eye--by Prof. John Nash--The 1994 Nobel Prize Winner for Economics, whose ideas have influenced a generation of the world's greatest economic minds, tells his life story: growing up in a small town in America, becoming one of America' s most influential mathematicians and his battles with mental illness.
2.Mother Tongue: The English Language -- by Bill Bryson-- Bryson ' s book is a journey through the history and different aspects of the English language, one that is both informative and hugely entertaining. As with most of Bryson's books, fun comes before facts and readers will be left with a smile on their faces.
3.Into Thin Air--by John Krakauer--is a riveting first-hand account of a disastrous race to the top of Mount Everest. In March 1996, "Outside" magazine sent veteran journalist and experienced climber John Krakauer to join the team led by the famous Everest guide Rob Hall. Despite the expertise of Hall and the other leaders, by the end of the race eight people were dead.
4. Ready Made: How to Make (Almost) Everything--by Shoshena Berger and Grace Hawthorne--beautifully written with great factual information. The theme behind this book is re-use, re-claim, re-cycle and there are many detailed easy-to-do projects for the reader to try such as making a photo frame from a book cover or a pot for your plants from plastic shopping bags.
5.The Smartest Guys in the Room: The Amazing Rise and Scandalous Fall of Enron--by Bethany McLean and Peter Elkind--As the title suggests the authors cover the rise of the American electricity company to become one of the 10 richest companies in the world and its spectacular fall into dishonor and bankruptcy. A perfect guide on what not to do in business.
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