Since 1950, the amount of information about the nutrition of food has increased by nearly 900 percent. Besides this fact, obesity has risen by 214 percent and nearly two out of every three adults in America are overweight or obese. Being overweight is not only an appearance problem, and it also increases the risk of various diseases including diabetes, sleep disorder and cancer.
With so much nutritional knowledge easy to find, we cannot simply ignore our present obesity epidemic(流行病). We know that fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin. Though we are overweight, many of us choose junk food over healthy food out of habits. One explanation for our strong desire for junk food is that we learn to connect junk food with positive feelings when we are young, and changing this attitude requires a huge amount of confidence and determination. Fortunately, new research published in May 2012 has shown a simple and accessible way to make healthier food choices- the one that doesn’t rely on great determination.
The research was based on two separate studies and it was carried out by T. Bettina Cornwell of the University of Oregon and Anna R. McAlister of Michigan State University. In the first study, 60 adults between the ages of 19 and 23 were questioned about the role of food and drinks. The survey tells us that adults prefer sweetened drinks with high-calorie, salty foods, to sweetened drinks with vegetables.
In the second study, 75 children between the ages of 3 and 5 were gathered for some experiments including drinks served with vegetables. The preschooler experiments were carried out under different situations and on different days. The researchers found that the children chose to take more green vegetables when they were served with water instead of a sweetened drink.
According to Cornwell, children learn to connect high calorie, sugary drinks such as cola, with high fat foods such as French fries, from a very early age. McAlister adds that early taste development appears to play an important role in food choices later in life. Meals served at home and meals offered at restaurants, set the stage for this idea and for the preference to choose junk food over healthy food, when beginning to take sweetened drinks.
“Our taste preferences are heavily influenced by regularly eating particular food and drinking particular drink,” states Cornwell. “If the drink on the table goes against both adults and children eating their vegetables, then perhaps it is time to change that drink… and to serve water with all meals. Restaurants could easily use water as free drink for children’s meals and charge extra money for other drinks.” Both McAlister and Cornwell are confident that serving water with meals could effectively reduce the nation’s obesity rates, diabetes rates and ever rising healthcare costs.
1.What may cause the risk of diseases according to the text?
A．Over nutrition. B．Obesity. C．Unbalance diets. D．Junk food.
2.What makes many of us choose junk food according to the author?
A．Positive feelings about food. B．High calorie of junk food.
C．Nice taste. D．Eating habits.
3.The underlined word “accessible” in Paragraph 2 means”_________”.
A．quick B．useful C．easy to change D．easy to get
4.From Paragraph5, we know that __________.
A．children may like sugary and high-calorie drinks even from an early age
B．early preference for food and drink may influence food choices later in life
C．easy preference for drinks should not be allowed in most of the restaurants
D．restaurants should provide the same food and drink as those at home
5.Which would be the best title for this text?
A．Stop children drinking sugary drinks
B．Drink water to eat more healthy
C．Change eating habits to lose weight
D．Eat healthy food at home
1.B
2.D
3.D
4.B
5.B
【解析】
試題分析：本文論述了現(xiàn)在有很多人是過于肥胖，它很有可能引起一些疾病的發(fā)生。經(jīng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)肥胖的發(fā)生跟人們的飲食習慣有很大的關系。文章最后指出為了吃的更加健康吃飯時應喝一些水。
1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Being overweight is not only an appearance problem, and it also increases the risk of various diseases including diabetes, sleep disorder and cancer.肥胖有可能導致一些疾病，故選B。
2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)One explanation for our strong desire for junk food is that we learn to connect junk food with positive feelings when we are young, and changing this attitude requires a huge amount of confidence and determination.這是年輕時養(yǎng)成的習慣引起的，故選D。
3.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)to make healthier food choices- the one that doesn’t rely on great determination.故選D
4.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)hat early taste development appears to play an important role in food choices later in life. 早期的飲食可能對后來的生活有很大的影響，故選B。
5.標題歸納題。根據(jù)serving water with meals could effectively reduce the nation’s obesity rates, diabetes rates and ever rising healthcare costs.故選B。
考點：健康保健類短文閱讀。
點評：文章標題是文章的點睛之筆。標題歸納題在英語閱讀理解題中屬深層理解題，它要求考生在通讀全文的基礎上，準確把握文章大意及作者的寫作意圖。一般說來，標題應該具有概括性、針對性、簡潔性三個突出特點。其中概括性，是指標題應最大程度地覆蓋全文，囊括文章的主要內(nèi)容，體現(xiàn)文章的主題；針對性，是指標題的含義要直接指向文章的主要特點；而簡潔性，則是指標題應言簡意賅，能吸引讀者的注意力，并喚起讀者對文章的閱讀興趣等。
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Which of the following is true?
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B. It’s easy for us to count whales in the sea.
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D. We don’t want to know how many whales there are in the sea.
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B. faster than that of humpback whales
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A. more slowly than that of humpback whales
B. faster than that of humpback whales
C. as slowly as that of humpback whales
D. as fast as that of humpback whales
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A. the number of humpback whales
B. the number of right whales
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One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of ________.
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| A．evolution | B．exhibition | C．separation | D．examination |
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| B．The purpose of studying African elephants |
| C．The way to divide African elephants into two units |
| D．The reason for the distinction of African elephants |
| A．Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants. | B．Amazing Experiment about Elephants |
| C．An Unexpected Finding about Elephants | D．A Long scientific Debate about Elephants |
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A recent study of ancient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct (不同的) species
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There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.
Previously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species despite the elephants’ significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5metres while the forest elephant has an average shoulder height of 2.5metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However, the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.
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A. the Asian elephant B. the forest elephant
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2.
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B. The purpose of studying African elephants
C. The way to divide African elephants into two units
D. The reason for the distinction of African elephants
5.
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A. Naturalist’s Belief about Elephants. B. Amazing Experiment about Elephants
C. An Unexpected Finding about Elephants D. A Long scientific Debate about Elephants
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